A method comprises generating, by an implantable stimulator, stimulation sessions at a duty cycle that is less than 0.05 and applying, by the implantable stimulator, the stimulation sessions to a patient. The duty cycle is a ratio of T3 to T4. Each stimulation session included in the stimulation sessions has a duration of T3 minutes and occurs at a rate of once every T4 minutes.

The disclosed apparatus, systems and methods relate to the use of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in the treatment of conditions correlated to the sympathetic nervous system. Stimulating the spinal cord via SCS to decrease muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). The methods include providing acute spinal cord stimulation and selectively increasing blood flow to tissues that are physically associated with the stimulated nerves, which is used to normalize blood pressure in hypertensive or hypotensive patients. The methods establish that acute SCS rapidly increases femoral vascular conductance and reduces peroneal MSNA.

An implantable medical device (IMD) includes an adjustable capacitive voltage multiplier (CVM) that is responsive to diagnostic circuitry configured to provide control signals within a single stimulation current pulse for adjusting the voltage output applied to an electrode of the IMD's lead system. A control counter is coupled to the diagnostic circuitry for incrementing or decrementing an N-bit counter output signal operative to reconfigure a charge pump arrangement of the CVM so as to facilitate an adjusted voltage output.

Methods and apparatuses for setting a therapeutic dose of a neuromodulator implanted into a patient. The therapeutic dose typically includes a therapeutic dose duration including a ramp-up time to reach a peak modulation voltage and a sustained peak modulation time during which the voltage is sustained at the peak modulation voltage. The methods and apparatuses may use a testing ramp to identify a peak modulation voltage that is patient-specific and provides a maximized therapeutic effect while remaining comfortably tolerable by the patient during the application of energy by the neuromodulator.

A method comprises generating, by an implantable stimulator, stimulation sessions at a duty cycle that is less than 0.05 and applying, by the implantable stimulator, the stimulation sessions to a patient. The duty cycle is a ratio of T3 to T4. Each stimulation session included in the stimulation sessions has a duration of T3 minutes and occurs at a rate of once every T4 minutes. The implantable stimulator is powered by a primary battery having an internal impedance greater than 5 ohms.

A dynamically adjustable multiphasic pulse system and method are provided. The dynamically adjustable multiphasic pulse system may be used as pulse system for a defibrillator or cardioverter.

A system for stimulating phrenic nerves to provide smooth breathing patterns is provided. More specifically, by identifying contraction threshold voltages for muscles associated with each of the left and right portions of a patient's diaphragm, a phrenic nerve pacing signal customized for each phrenic nerve may be provided to a patient. More specifically, a voltage of a pacing voltage provided to a first phrenic nerve may be less than the contraction threshold while a voltage of a pacing voltage provided to a second phrenic nerve may be greater than the contraction threshold.

An example of a system to program a neuromodulator to deliver neuromodulation to a neural target using a plurality of electrodes may comprise a programming control circuit configured to determine target energy allocations for the plurality of electrodes based on at least one target pole to provide a target sub-perception modulation field, calibrate a plurality of electrode groups in the plurality of electrodes where each of the plurality of electrode groups is in an electrode configuration and includes an electrode set of at least one electrode from the plurality of electrodes, including for each of the plurality of electrode groups receive a feedback metric to delivery of modulation energy to the neural target, and normalize the target sub-perception modulation field, including determine a space domain scaling factor using the feedback metric to account for actual electrode-tissue coupling, and apply the space domain scaling factor to the target energy allocations.

The present disclosure is directed to a system and method for selectively and reversibly modulating targeted neural and non-neural tissue of a nervous system for the treatment of pain. An electrical stimulation is delivered to the treatment site that selectively and reversibly modulates the targeted neural- and non-neural tissue of the nervous structure, inhibiting pain while preserving other sensory and motor function, and proprioception.

Provided herein is a method of blocking a nerve or neuron by applying an electrical stimulation to the nerve or neuron, wherein the electrical stimulation is of an intensity below the excitation threshold of the nerve or neuron for a length of time sufficient to produce a block of nerve conduction or neuron excitation.