Selective high-frequency spinal chord modulation for inhibiting pain with reduced side affects and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In particular embodiments, high-frequency modulation in the range of from about 1.5 KHz to about 50 KHz may be applied to the patient's spinal chord region to address low back pain without creating unwanted sensory and/or motor side affects. In other embodiments, modulation in accordance with similar parameters can be applied to other spinal or peripheral locations to address other indications.

The present disclosure relates to methods of stimulating cell proliferation, promoting differentiation of cells, regenerating cells, promoting nodule formation, and promoting myotube formation. The methods include applying one or more pulses of electricity to cells, each pulse of electricity having a duration of between about 10 nanoseconds and about 1,000 nanoseconds, wherein said pulses of electricity are applied under conditions effective to stimulate cell proliferation, promote differentiation of cells, regenerate cells, promote nodule formation, and promote myotube formation.

Electrical stimulation of neural activity in the neural innervation of the spleen provides a useful way to treat acute medical conditions. The disclosed systems and methods stimulate the neural activity of a nerve supplying a spleen, wherein the nerve is associated with a neurovascular bundle, such that the electrical signal produces an improvement in a physiological parameter indicative of treatment of an acute medical condition.

A neuromodulation system and a method of inducing voluntary movement in a mammal with a spinal injury are disclosed. In an example, a neuromodulation system includes a processor, a signal generator, and at least one electrode. The processor, in cooperation with the signal generator and the at least one electrode are configured to deliver a transcutaneous stimulation to a mammal. The transcutaneous stimulation includes during a first time period, a transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation (“tESCS”) applied to the mammal during physical conditioning of the mammal. The transcutaneous stimulation also includes during a second time period after the first time period, the tESCS applied to the mammal during reduced or no physical conditioning of the mammal. The tESCS applied during the first time period and the second time period is used to establish a functional baseline of the mammal.

An implantable vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) system includes a sensor configured to measure ECG data for a patient, a stimulation subsystem configured to deliver VNS to the patient, and a control system configured to perform a heart rate variability analysis with the ECG data. In some aspects, performing the heart rate variability analysis includes measuring R-R intervals between successive R-waves for the ECG data measured during a stimulation period of VNS therapy and a baseline period of the VNS therapy, wherein the stimulation period comprises at least a portion of the ON period and the baseline period comprises at least a portion of the OFF period immediately preceding the ON period, and generating a plot of each R-R interval against an immediately successive R-R interval for each of the stimulation period and the baseline period configured to be displayed on a display.

Selective high-frequency spinal cord modulation for inhibiting pain with reduced side effects and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In particular embodiments, high-frequency modulation in the range of from about 1.5 KHz to about 50 KHz may be applied to the patient's spinal cord region from an epidural, cervical location to address at least one of high back pain, mid-back pain, low back pain, and leg pain without creating paresthesia in the patient.

Electrical stimulation of neural activity in the neural innervation of the spleen that is associated with neurovascular bundles provides a useful way to treat acute medical conditions, such as trauma, hemorrhaging and shock.

Devices and methods of use for introduction and implantation of an electrode as part of a minimally invasive technique. An implantable baroreflex activation system includes a control system having an implantable housing, an electrical lead, attachable to the control system, and an electrode structure. The electrode structure is near one end of the electrical lead, and includes a monopolar electrode, a backing material having an effective surface area larger than the electrode, and a releasable pivotable interface to mate with an implant tool. The electrode is configured for implantation on an outer surface of a blood vessel and the control system is programmed to deliver a baroreflex therapy via the monopolar electrode to a baroreceptor within a wall of the blood vessel.

Systems and methods for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) include at least one electrically stimulating electrode coupled to a pulse generator. Individuals with GERD are treated by implanting a stimulation device within and/or proximate the patient's lower esophageal sphincter, gastric fundus, or other nearby gastrointestinal structures and applying electrical stimulation to the patient's lower esophageal sphincter and/or fundus, in accordance with certain predefined protocols. Electrical stimulation provided by the disclosed systems results in an increase in the length of the high pressure zone of the LES and/or modulation of the receptive relaxation response of the fundus to decrease gastric pressure, creating a longer barrier to the reflux of gastric contents or increasing functional lower esophageal pressure respectively, thereby treating GERD.

A durable nerve cuff electrode for achieving block of an action potential in a large diameter nerve.