Improved stimulation circuitry for controlling the stimulation delivered by an implantable stimulator is disclosed. The stimulation circuitry includes memory circuitry that stores pulse programs that define pulse shapes, steering programs that define electrode configurations, and aggregate programs that link a selected pulse program with a selected steering program. The aggregate programs also include an amplitude modulation factor that modulates the amplitude defined by the pulse program. The inclusion of an amplitude modulation factor in the aggregate program allows complex amplitude-modulated waveforms to be produced. Pulse definition circuits in the stimulation circuitry execute aggregate programs to generate stimulation waveforms, which stimulation waveforms can be generated simultaneously by the different pulse definition circuits.

Provided herein is a solution to the problem of stimulation of a target pudendal nerve such that the stimulation applied by the electrode at that position selectively modulates the external urtheral sphincter (EUS), or selectively modulates the external anal sphincter (EAS).

Methods and systems for providing electrical stimulation to a patient's spinal cord using electrode leads implanted in the patient's spinal column are described. Embodiments involve cycling between durations during which stimulation is actively applied and durations when no stimulation is applied. The stimulation can be configured such that pain relief washes in during the active stimulation duration and continues for some part of the duration when no stimulation is being applied. Eventually the pain relief may wash out. The washout time may be modeled, so that stimulation may be resumed before the pain relief washes out. The stimulation may be below the patient's perception threshold.

A method of downregulating and/or upregulating neural activity by applying a high frequency alternating current electrical signal to a nerve in a subject is disclosed. The signal comprises more than one microsecond cycle comprising one or more periods, each period comprising a charge recharge phase, and optionally, a pulse delay, each period having a frequency of at least 1000 Hz; and a microsecond inactive phase. In embodiments, an electrical signal treatment comprises more than one microsecond cycle to form a millisecond cycle, each millisecond cycle separated by a millisecond inactive phase during an on time. In embodiments, the electrical signal patterns can differ in amplitude.

A system can utilize interleaving periods or waveforms to stimulate patient tissue and sense signals using the stimulation electrodes. For example, the system can utilize alternating therapeutic periods and sensing periods. As another example, the system can alternate between biphasic waveforms having opposite temporal orders of positive and negative phases. As another example, waveforms that differ in a parameter, such as amplitude or pulse width, can be interleaved to provide different information in the respective sensed signals.

Systems and methods for improving behavioral therapies encompassing therapies wherein a perceptual stimulus is administered to a subject or a motor behavior is performed by the subject. Such administration of perceptual stimuli or motor performance is paired with the delivery of vagus nerve stimulation to the subject. The vagus nerve stimulation is timed with the sensory stimulus administration or motor performance in a temporal alignment that maximizes neuroplasticity and performance. Systems for performance of the method and associated software are also disclosed

Techniques are disclosed for implementing the use of electrically evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs) to adaptively adjust parameters of high frequency electrical stimulation. In one example, a medical device delivers electrical stimulation therapy comprising a train of electrical stimulation pulses to a patient, wherein the train of electrical stimulation pulses comprises a pulse frequency greater than or equal to 500 Hertz. After delivering the train of electrical stimulation pulses, the medical device ceases delivery of the high frequency electrical stimulation therapy for a predetermined period of time. During the predetermined period of time, the medical device senses an ECAP from the patient and determines, based on the sensed ECAP, a value of a parameter at least partially defining the train of electrical stimulation pulses. Responsive to the predetermined period of time elapsing, the medical device resumes delivery of the high frequency electrical stimulation according to the determined parameter.

An implantable pulse generator (IPG) including a case containing an energy storage device and one or more electrode leads. A header is coupled to the case. The header includes a cassette, an antenna coupled to the cassette and electrically coupled to the case, the case configured as a part of the antenna for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic signals, and an electrode attachment structure configured to couple with the cassette and configured to couple with the one or more electrode leads.

The present disclosure relates to a system for neuromodulation and/or neurostimulation, for the treatment of a subject. The system comprises a stimulation controller, a stimulation pattern storage means including stimulation data connected to the stimulation controller, an electrical stimulation device and electrical interface between the electrical stimulation device and the subject, the electrical interface being connectable with a bio-interface of the nervous system of the subject. The stimulation data are pre-programmed patterns comprising spatial and temporal components, The stimulation controller sends configuration signals on the basis of the stimulation data to the electrical stimulation device such that via the electrical interface electrical stimulation is provided to the bio-interface, wherein the electrical stimulation provided is characterized by stimulation parameters that vary over time in a pre-programmed manner.

Patients with spinal cord injuries have benefited from neurostimulation therapy comprising delivery of electrical stimulation to enable or excite neurological responses using an implantable neurostimulator having an electrode array. Dangerous levels of charge are avoided while providing multiple, simultaneous stimulation waveforms by inducing a short in an electrode when a monitored value reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold.