A process for providing a mono-PEGylated protein composition is provided. The process is particularly suitable for providing mono-PEGylated erythropoietin composition. The process comprises subjecting a mixture comprising non-PEGylated, mono-PEGylated and oligo-PEGylated to a hydrophobic interaction chromatography process.

A blood treatment material adsorbs and removes blood components such as activated leukocytes and inflammatory cytokines with a high efficiency. The blood treatment material includes a water-insoluble material in the form of fibers or particles, wherein the difference between the maximum value (RaA) and the minimum value (RaB) of the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the water-insoluble material, as calculated using a laser microscope, is from 0.30 to 1.50 μm.

A blood treatment material adsorbs and removes blood components such as activated leukocytes and inflammatory cytokines with a high efficiency. The blood treatment material includes a water-insoluble material in the form of fibers or particles, wherein the difference between the maximum value (RaA) and the minimum value (RaB) of the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface of the water-insoluble material, as calculated using a laser microscope, is from 0.30 to 1.50 μm.

A process for recovery of lithium ions from a lithium-bearing brine includes contacting the lithium-bearing brine with a lithium ion sieve (where that LIS includes an oxide of titanium or niobium) in a first stirred reactor to form a lithium ion complex with the lithium ion sieve, and decomplexing the lithium ion from the lithium ion sieve in a second stirred reactor to form the lithium ion sieve and an acidic lithium salt eluate.

A process for recovery of lithium ions from a lithium-bearing brine includes contacting the lithium-bearing brine with a lithium ion sieve (where that LIS includes an oxide of titanium or niobium) in a first stirred reactor to form a lithium ion complex with the lithium ion sieve, and decomplexing the lithium ion from the lithium ion sieve in a second stirred reactor to form the lithium ion sieve and an acidic lithium salt eluate.

A method of separating and purifying a mixed stream of contaminated reclaimed polyethylene and contaminated reclaimed polypropylene is provided. The method comprises the steps of extraction, dissolution, settling, purification, and solvent separation to produce separate streams of purified recycled polyethylene and purified recycled polypropylene. Both separate streams are produced in the same production plant operating in swing mode, and have virgin-like optical properties.

A method of separating and purifying a mixed stream of contaminated reclaimed polyethylene and contaminated reclaimed polypropylene is provided. The method comprises the steps of extraction, dissolution, settling, purification, and solvent separation to produce separate streams of purified recycled polyethylene and purified recycled polypropylene. Both separate streams are produced in the same production plant operating in swing mode, and have virgin-like optical properties.

A gas-liquid separator includes a fluid inlet, a shell including an inside surface enclosing an interior space, an outlet structure with fingers converging toward a longitudinal axis, and a dripper including a dripper tip. The fingers terminate at fingertips located proximate to an outside surface of the dripper. Gas exit ports are defined between adjacent fingers, and by the dripper. The gas-liquid separator defines a liquid flow path from the fluid inlet, along the inside surface, along one or more of the fingers, converging along the dripper outside surface, and to the dripper tip. The gas-liquid separator also defines a gas flow path from the fluid inlet, through the interior space, and through the gas exit ports. The gas-liquid separator may be utilized in fluid separation systems such as liquid chromatography or supercritical fluid chromatography/extraction systems.

A gas-liquid separator includes a fluid inlet, a shell including an inside surface enclosing an interior space, an outlet structure with fingers converging toward a longitudinal axis, and a dripper including a dripper tip. The fingers terminate at fingertips located proximate to an outside surface of the dripper. Gas exit ports are defined between adjacent fingers, and by the dripper. The gas-liquid separator defines a liquid flow path from the fluid inlet, along the inside surface, along one or more of the fingers, converging along the dripper outside surface, and to the dripper tip. The gas-liquid separator also defines a gas flow path from the fluid inlet, through the interior space, and through the gas exit ports. The gas-liquid separator may be utilized in fluid separation systems such as liquid chromatography or supercritical fluid chromatography/extraction systems.

Disclosed is a method for synthesizing a β-cyano ketone compound, including steps of (1) adding a α-keto acid and sodium hydroxide to a separator-free electrolytic cell, adding acetonitrile thereto, and dissolving the α-keto acid and sodium hydroxide in acetonitrile by stirring to be uniform, to obtain a dissolution solution; (2) adding an alkene or a derivative thereof, cyanobenziodoxolone, and an electrolyte to the dissolution solution, to obtain a mixed solution; (3) subjecting the mixed solution to an electrochemical reaction by electrifying a cathode of a platinum sheet, and an anode of a graphite electrode to obtain a reacted solution; and (4) after the electrochemical reaction, collecting the reacted solution, adding water thereto and stirring to obtain a mixture, subjecting the mixture to an extraction to obtain an organic phase, drying the organic phase and purifying, to obtain the β-cyano ketone compound.