A water treatment device can include a main body in the form of a main chamber and having an upper portion, a lower portion, a main inlet for receiving a flow of water into the main body and a main outlet for discharging a flow of water from the main body. In some embodiments an insert member disposed within the main chamber at the upper portion includes a return and bypass channel providing fluid communication between the main inlet and the main outlet. In some embodiments a filter assembly disposed within the main chamber and below the insert member includes a treatment chamber in fluid communication with the main inlet and is adapted for filtering water that flows through the filter assembly.

An intermediate cover of a filter housing of a filter for purifying liquids can be mounted in the filter housing for separating a filter receiving space for a filter insert from a centrifuge receiving space for a centrifuge separator by a rotary and/or insertion movement relative to an imaginary axis. The intermediate cover is provided with a portion of at least one clean fluid channel forming a fluidic connection between a clean fluid side of the filter insert and a fluid outlet of the filter housing for a purified clean fluid. The filter insert has a connecting device arranged at an axial end face and connectable to the intermediate cover. An outlet opening for purified clean fluid is arranged at the axial end face and corresponds with an inlet opening of the clean fluid channel of the intermediate cover. The outlet opening at least partially forms the connecting device.

A flow back system for separating solids from a slurry recovered from a hydrocarbon well. The system includes a V-shaped tank with a first series of baffles configured to cause the settling of solids that are moved by a shaftless auger to a conduit fluidly connected to a dispersing device mounted over or adjacent to a shaker such as a linear shaker. The shaker receives and processes the output of the dispersing device and dewaters solids. The underflow of the shaker is recirculated through the tank.

A flow back system for separating solids from a slurry recovered from a hydrocarbon well. The system includes a V-shaped tank with a first series of baffles configured to cause the settling of solids that are moved by a shaftless auger to a conduit fluidly connected to a dispersing device mounted over or adjacent to a shaker such as a linear shaker. The shaker receives and processes the output of the dispersing device and dewaters solids. The underflow of the shaker is recirculated through the tank.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods from processing flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum feedstock and ash feedstocks, either separately or together. FGD gypsum conversion comprises reacting FGD gypsum (calcium sulfate) feedstock or phosphogypsum, in either batch or continuous mode, with ammonium carbonate reagent to produce commercial products comprising ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate. A process to separate the impurities and convert the calcium carbonate to a pure precipitated calcium carbonate is disclosed. These impurities include a concentrate of valuable Rare Earth Elements, and radioactive thorium and uranium. A process to convert calcium sulfite to calcium sulfate using oxygen and a catalyst is also disclosed. Ash conversion comprises a leach process followed by a sequential precipitation process to selectively precipitate products at predetermined pHs resulting in metal hydroxides which may be converted to oxides or carbonates. The processes may be controlled by use of one or more processors.

A water treatment device can include a main body in the form of a main chamber and having an upper portion, a lower portion, a main inlet for receiving a flow of water into the main body and a main outlet for discharging a flow of water from the main body. In some embodiments an insert member disposed within the main chamber at the upper portion includes a return and bypass channel providing fluid communication between the main inlet and the main outlet. In some embodiments a filter assembly disposed within the main chamber and below the insert member includes a treatment chamber in fluid communication with the main inlet and is adapted for filtering water that flows through the filter assembly.

Aspects of the present disclosure include methods for fractionating whole stillage using one or more hydrocyclones and optional screening device. Aspects of the present disclosure include a stillage fractionation and/or clarification system for carrying out the methods described herein.

According to various aspects and embodiments, a system and method for two-stage filtration is provided. The system includes an inlet fluidly connectable with wastewater, a first stage filter assembly that is fluidly connectable with the inlet and has a rotary drum with a filter surface configured for radially inward fluid flow, a second stage filter assembly that is fluidly connectable with the first stage filter and has a plurality of filter discs configured for radially outward fluid flow, and an outlet fluidly connectable with filtrate generated by the second stage disc filter assembly.

According to various aspects and embodiments, a system and method for two-stage filtration is provided. The system includes an inlet fluidly connectable with wastewater, a first stage filter assembly that is fluidly connectable with the inlet and has a rotary drum with a filter surface configured for radially inward fluid flow, a second stage filter assembly that is fluidly connectable with the first stage filter and has a plurality of filter discs configured for radially outward fluid flow, and an outlet fluidly connectable with filtrate generated by the second stage disc filter assembly.

Provided is a kaolin having a finer particle size and a narrower particle size distribution, in combination with suitable morphology. Also provided are a method of preparing the kaolin product and methods of use.