A water filtration device includes a diffusiophoretic water filter having an inlet and an outlet and for receiving a colloidal suspension at the inlet and flowing the colloidal suspension between the inlet and the outlet in a flow direction; a diffusiophoretic-inducing membrane; a cover, the membrane and the cover defining a plurality of channels extending between the inlet and the outlet; an outlet splitter for the plurality of channels being fixed with respect to the membrane or the cover, the cover and membrane being flexible and configured to permit rolling up of the membrane and the cover. A related method is also provided.

The present technology provides a method for preparing an acid-reducing filter that includes depositing a mineral blend layer to a filter substrate, where the mineral blend layer comprises calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate at a weight ratio of about 1:10 to about 10:1, the mineral blend is free of soluble halide or hydroxide salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals, and the mineral blend layer is insoluble in water.

The present technology provides a method for preparing an acid-reducing filter that includes depositing a mineral blend layer to a filter substrate, where the mineral blend layer comprises calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate at a weight ratio of about 1:10 to about 10:1, the mineral blend is free of soluble halide or hydroxide salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals, and the mineral blend layer is insoluble in water.

A diffusiophoretic water filtration device has a pressurizable gas chamber for receiving a pressurized gas; an inlet manifold for receiving a colloidal suspension including colloidal particles in water; a flow chamber having an inlet and an outlet, the flow chamber for receiving the colloidal suspension at the inlet from the inlet manifold, the colloidal suspension flowing between the inlet and at least one outlet in a flow direction; and a gas membrane separating the gas chamber and the flow chamber, the sheet being made of a gas permeable membrane, the pressurized gas capable of permeating the membrane, the membrane being water impermeable, the gas membrane having a first side facing the pressurized gas chamber, and a second side facing the flow chamber, the flow chamber having a plurality of channels, each channel contacting the second side of the membrane; and an outlet splitter separating a first outlet from a second outlet and splitting the plurality of channels, the first outlet for receiving water having a higher concentration of some of the colloidal particles than the second outlet.

A diffusiophoretic water filtration device has a pressurizable gas chamber for receiving a pressurized gas; an inlet manifold for receiving a colloidal suspension including colloidal particles in water; a flow chamber having an inlet and an outlet, the flow chamber for receiving the colloidal suspension at the inlet from the inlet manifold, the colloidal suspension flowing between the inlet and at least one outlet in a flow direction; and a gas membrane separating the gas chamber and the flow chamber, the sheet being made of a gas permeable membrane, the pressurized gas capable of permeating the membrane, the membrane being water impermeable, the gas membrane having a first side facing the pressurized gas chamber, and a second side facing the flow chamber, the flow chamber having a plurality of channels, each channel contacting the second side of the membrane; and an outlet splitter separating a first outlet from a second outlet and splitting the plurality of channels, the first outlet for receiving water having a higher concentration of some of the colloidal particles than the second outlet.

A water filtration device comprising: a diffusiophoretic water filter having at least one channel having an inlet and an outlet and for receiving a colloidal suspension at the inlet and flowing the colloidal suspension between the inlet and the outlet in a flow direction, the channel being in contact with a diffusiophoretic-inducing membrane. Other devices and methods are also disclosed.

A water filtration device comprising: a diffusiophoretic water filter having at least one channel having an inlet and an outlet and for receiving a colloidal suspension at the inlet and flowing the colloidal suspension between the inlet and the outlet in a flow direction, the channel being in contact with a diffusiophoretic-inducing membrane. Other devices and methods are also disclosed.

Provided is a granular filtration media comprising a mixture of granular filtration media and less than 2.5% of nanofibers based on the dry weight, method of making the same and uses of the same for removing contaminants from water, including metals, heavy metals, synthetic or natural organic matters, colloidal or suspended particles to improve the chemical safety and purity of water for the purpose of water purification, specifically, one embodiment of the present invention disclosed is use of the granular filtration media to remove particulate lead from high pH water.

Provided is a granular filtration media comprising a mixture of granular filtration media and less than 2.5% of nanofibers based on the dry weight, method of making the same and uses of the same for removing contaminants from water, including metals, heavy metals, synthetic or natural organic matters, colloidal or suspended particles to improve the chemical safety and purity of water for the purpose of water purification, specifically, one embodiment of the present invention disclosed is use of the granular filtration media to remove particulate lead from high pH water.

Filter media incorporating one or more filtration layers that include fibers including fiber portions orientated at a non-zero angle with respect to a surface of the filtration layer are provided. In some embodiments, at least a part of the fiber portions are positioned at an angle of at least 20 degrees (e.g., between 46 degrees and 90 degrees, or between 61 degrees and 90 degrees) with respect to a surface of the filtration layer or an outer or cover layer of the media. This orientation of fiber portions may result in an increased efficiency (e.g., average efficiency and/or initial efficiency) compared to similar filter media that do not include such oriented fiber portions.