An emissions clean-up process is provided to remove detrimental exhaust gases from a fossil fuel power plant and to produce and/or reclaim various useful commercial byproducts. The process includes mixing a blended liquid solution with a solubilizer in a mixing tank to create a chemical reaction therein to produce an ionic solid and an alkaline liquid solution. By mixing various blended solutions with desired solubilizers, alkaline liquids are produced which may be chemically combined to create other byproducts or sold commercially. Likewise, the alkaline liquids may be passed through a wet scrubber to create a byproduct that when chemically mixed with an acid creates desired byproducts. Other byproducts such as a sodium bicarbonate liquid solution exits the wet scrubber and is sold or used in the subject process to produce various other byproducts.

A control process and apparatus provide feed forward control of stoichiometric proportions of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia to a thermal oxidizer and an ammonia scrubber, respectively. To account for unmeasured or uncalculated sulfur feed to the thermal oxidizer, a feed back measurement of sulfur dioxide and ammonia concentration is used to correct the flow rate of hydrogen sulfide to the thermal oxidizer and/or ammonia to the ammonia scrubber.

A process for treating effluent streams in a naphtha complex is described. One or more of the sour water stripping unit for the NHT sour water from the NHT, the amine treatment unit and the caustic treatment unit for the NHT stripper off-gas, the caustic scrubber unit or other chloride treatment unit for the off-gas from the C.sub.5-C.sub.6 isomerization zone and the C.sub.4 isomerization zone, and the caustic scrubber unit or other chloride treatment unit for the regenerator off-gas are replaced with a thermal oxidation system.

A process for treating effluent streams in a renewable transportation fuel production process is described. One or more of the sour water stream and an acid gas stream are treated directly in thermal oxidation section. The process allows the elimination or size reduction of a sour water stripper unit, waste water treatment plant, and sulfur recovery unit.

Methods and systems described perform air cleaning and/or sanitization in a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and/or refrigeration (HVACR) system by detecting a concentration of airborne contaminants in a space serviced by the HVACR system. The detected concentration of airborne contaminants is determined whether it exceeds a threshold relative to a capacity of a first air cleaner. When the detected concentration of airborne contaminants exceeds the threshold, a second air cleaner is selected and enabled to be activated in the space. When the detected concentration of airborne contaminants does not exceed the threshold, the first air cleaner is selected and enabled to be activated in the space. The first air cleaner has a cleaning material different from the second air cleaner, and the first air cleaner, relative to the second air cleaner, treats the space at a lower concentration of airborne contaminants. The second air cleaner includes specifically designed cleaner modules.

Apparatuses and methods are provided for applying accelerated electrons to a gaseous medium by means of an electron beam generator, which has at least one cathode for emitting electrons and at least one electron exit window, wherein a) the at least one cathode is annular and the at least one electron exit window is in the form of an annular first hollow cylinder, the annular electron exit window in the form of the first hollow cylinder forms an inner wall of an annular housing of the electron beam generator, wherein the electrons emitted by the cathode are accelerated to the ring axis of the annular housing; b) an annular second hollow cylinder is arranged within the electron exit window in the form of the first hollow cylinder and delimits an annular space between the first hollow cylinder and the second hollow cylinder; c) a cooling gas is fed through the annular space between the first hollow cylinder and the second hollow cylinder; and d) the gaseous medium to which accelerated electrons are to be applied is fed through the second hollow cylinder.

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of semiconductors, and provides a vacuum system, a low-pressure vacuum process device, and a cutoff member. The vacuum system includes: a vacuum pump; an exhaust pipeline, wherein one end of the exhaust pipeline is used to communicate with a chamber to be evacuated, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline communicates with the vacuum pump; and a cutoff member, wherein the cutoff member is connected to the exhaust pipeline, the cutoff member includes a filter portion and a carrier portion, the filter portion includes a passage, the carrier portion includes an accommodation groove, and the passage communicates with the accommodation groove.

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of semiconductors, and provides a vacuum system, a low-pressure vacuum process device, and a cutoff member. The vacuum system includes: a vacuum pump; an exhaust pipeline, wherein one end of the exhaust pipeline is used to communicate with a chamber to be evacuated, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline communicates with the vacuum pump; and a cutoff member, wherein the cutoff member is connected to the exhaust pipeline, the cutoff member includes a filter portion and a carrier portion, the filter portion includes a passage, the carrier portion includes an accommodation groove, and the passage communicates with the accommodation groove.

Disclosed are a flue gas purification and waste heat utilization system and method. The system comprises a flue gas exhaust unit, a primary waste heat utilization unit, a primary flue gas purification unit, a secondary waste heat utilization unit and a secondary flue gas purification unit that are sequentially connected in a flue gas flow direction, wherein the primary flue gas purification unit is configured for removing NO.sub.x, large particles and CO in the flue gas, the secondary flue gas purification unit is configured for removing NO.sub.x and dioxin in the flue gas, an ammonia-spraying device is externally connected between the flue gas exhaust unit and the primary waste heat utilization unit, and the ammonia-spraying device is configured for injecting ammonia gas into the flue gas exhausted from the flue gas exhaust unit.

This exhaust gas processing equipment is provided with an exhaust line through which exhaust gas discharged from a boiler circulates, a carbon dioxide recovering device for recovering carbon dioxide included in the exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas heating device provided downstream of the carbon dioxide recovering device to heat the exhaust gas. The carbon dioxide recovering device includes a first medium line through which a first medium circulates, and a second medium line through which a second medium higher in temperature than the first medium circulates. The exhaust gas heating device includes a first heating unit for heating the exhaust gas by means of heat exchange with the first medium, and a second heating unit for heating the exhaust gas passing through the first heating unit even more by heat exchange with the second medium.