Provided herein are, inter alia, biological manufacturing and downstream purification processes.

Provided herein are, inter alia, biological manufacturing and downstream purification processes.

An ionic air cooling device comprising a salinity differential heat engine using a heat pump as the primary heat source and the mechanism by which the temperature differential is achieved. A closed loop thermodynamic cycle which produces a high thermodynamic efficiency in heat to energy conversion with a low temperature differential between the high and low sides, in addition to a net ambient temperature cooling effect by directly or indirectly converting ambient temperature/environmental low grade heat to electricity or potential kinetic energy or mechanical work. An ionic air cooling device which uses a salinity differential heat engine in which the heat energy can be converted to kinetic or electrical energy by means of pressure retarded osmosis, pressurized gas through volume confinement, or reversed electro dialysis.

An ionic air cooling device comprising a salinity differential heat engine using a heat pump as the primary heat source and the mechanism by which the temperature differential is achieved. A closed loop thermodynamic cycle which produces a high thermodynamic efficiency in heat to energy conversion with a low temperature differential between the high and low sides, in addition to a net ambient temperature cooling effect by directly or indirectly converting ambient temperature/environmental low grade heat to electricity or potential kinetic energy or mechanical work. An ionic air cooling device which uses a salinity differential heat engine in which the heat energy can be converted to kinetic or electrical energy by means of pressure retarded osmosis, pressurized gas through volume confinement, or reversed electro dialysis.

A microfluidic sorting device and method employing dielectrophoresis (DEP) induced field flow separations are described herein. The microfluidic sorting device has a microchannel and an array of electrodes disposed along the microchannel. The electrodes may be oriented at an angle relative to the microchannel. Non-mammalian samples such as plant samples flow in the microchannel and through the electrode array. Current is passed through the electrodes causing a DEP force to be exerted on the samples. This force may generate a torque that causes one type of sample to rotate and slide along the electrodes, thus separating the samples by type. The separated samples are collected in different output channels

The present invention relates to a method for detecting of a mutant DNA using a probe, comprising: (1) contacting a sample containing a single-stranded DNA which has a substituted nucleotide, a deleted nucleotide region, or an inserted nucleotide region (mutant-type DNA), or/and a wild-type single-stranded DNA (wild-type DNA) corresponding thereto with the probe which hybridizes with both single-stranded DNA, to form a hybrid with the mutant-type DNA (mutant-type hybrid) or/and a hybrid with a wild-type DNA (wild-type hybrid), wherein at least one of the obtained mutant-type hybrid and wild-type hybrid has the stem structure; (2) separating the obtained mutant-type hybrid or/and wild-type hybrid by electrophoresis on the basis of presence or absence of the stem structure or difference in the stem structure; and (3) detecting the presence or absence of the mutant-type DNA in the sample.

The invention generally relates to integrated synthesis and analysis systems and methods of use thereof.

Provided herein are, inter alia, biological manufacturing and downstream purification processes.

Provided herein are, inter alia, biological manufacturing and downstream purification processes.

An elution apparatus and a detection apparatus are described. The elution apparatus includes: a sample trap for trapping a sample; and one or more pumps and/or valves to move a liquid eluent and a liquid eluate, wherein the eluate includes an extracted portion of the sample that is extracted by the eluent. The detection apparatus includes: a capillary having a low-voltage (LV) end portion to receive a sample; and a conductivity detector coupled to a high-voltage (HV) end portion of the capillary to generate signals based on conductivity of a monitored portion of the capillary in the HV end portion, wherein the conductivity detector is electrically isolated from the LV end portion.