A separation membrane suitably for water separation. The membrane includes a porous substrate layer and an active layer arranged over at least a part of the substrate layer. The active layer includes a lamellar structure comprising at least two layers of treated two-dimensional material.

A separation membrane suitably for water separation. The membrane includes a porous substrate layer and an active layer arranged over at least a part of the substrate layer. The active layer includes a lamellar structure comprising at least two layers of treated two-dimensional material.

Systems and methods for dehydrating a mixture of organic liquid and water are disclosed. A mixture of the organic liquid and water is fed to a membrane. The mixture is then subjected to process conditions sufficient to cause pervaporation. A permeate comprising a higher weight percentage of water than the weight percentage of water in the mixture is recovered. A retentate comprising a higher weight percentage of organic liquid than the weight percentage of the organic liquid in the mixture is also recovered.

A nanobiocatalytic membrane for a filtration system is provided which includes a filtration membrane and a plurality of nanobiocatalyst nanoparticles associated with the membrane, each of the nanobiocatalyst nanoparticles including a core, a coating at least partially surrounding the core, and a plurality of nanobiocatalysts coupled to the coating. Each of the plurality of nanobiocatalysts includes an antibacterial nanoparticle comprising bismuth, and a quorum quenching agent coupled to the antibacterial nanoparticle. A nanobiocatalyst nanoparticle for use with a water purification system is also provided. A method of forming a nanobiocatalytic membrane for a filtration system and a method of using a nanobiocatalytic membrane in a filtration system are also provided.

Separation of carbon dioxide from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine, the production of hydrogen from water, and reformation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen into relatively high-octane fuel components.

A monolith-type reactor includes a separation membrane, a first flow path, a second flow path, and a catalyst. The separation membrane is permeable to a product of conversion reaction of a raw material gas containing at least hydrogen and carbon dioxide to a liquid fuel. The raw material gas flows through the first flow path. A sweep gas for sweeping the product that has permeated through the separation membrane flows through the second flow path. The catalyst is disposed in the first flow path and configured to promote the conversion reaction of the raw material gas to the liquid fuel. In a side view of the separation membrane, a direction in which the sweep gas flows through the second flow path is opposite to the direction in which the raw material gas flows through the first flow path.

A highly permeable sorbent platform based on polysulfone and polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid) composite membranes. The membranes possess a fully interconnected network of poly(acrylic acid)-lined pores, which enables the surface chemistry to be tailored through sequential attachment of polyethyleneimine moieties and metal-binding terpyridine ligands. The polyethyleneimine moieties increase the saturation capacity, while the addition of terpyridine enables high-affinity binding to a diversity of transition metal ions. This membrane platform removes such metal contaminants from solution. The metal capture performance of the functionalized membranes persists even in high concentrations of competitive ions. Also, fluorescence quenching of the terpyridine moiety upon metal ion complexation offers an in-situ probe to monitor the extent of sorbent saturation. The permeability, capacity, and affinity of these membranes, with high-density display of a metal-binding ligand, offer a chemically tailored platform to address the challenges that arise in ensuring clean water.

A particulate plug for removing a preservative from a solution, suspension, or emulsion comprising a drug is presented. The plug comprises microparticles of a hydrophobic polymer/fatty acid blend. The microparticles of hydrophobic polymer/fatty acid blend selectively absorb preservative allowing the drug to remain in solution for delivery.

A membrane filter is provided. The membrane filter including an ordered functional nanoporous material (OFNM) defining a layer and a membrane support. The layer having a two-dimensional structure and defining a plurality of pores and imparting to the membrane filter a permeance of at least 900 Lm.sup.−2h.sup.−1bar.sup.−1 and a rejection of at least 60% as to a solvent containing a filterable species.

A membrane distillation (MD) system includes a membrane module and reduced graphene oxide-carbon nanotube immobilized membrane for organic solvent separation. The MD module could include a feed inlet and outlet, a sweep gas inlet, and a sweep gas outlet. Thermostats are positioned at the feed inlet and outlet to measure the change in temperature. Preferential sorption of the organic, specifically tetrahydrofuran (THF), on a hybrid reduced graphene oxide-carbon nanotube immobilized membrane contributes to enhanced solvent removal of the MD system.