An apparatus and process are provided for electricity production and high-efficiency trapping of carbon dioxide, using carbon dioxide within combustion exhaust gas and converging technologies associated with a carbon dioxide absorption tower and a generating device using ions which uses a difference in concentration of salinity between seawater and freshwater. It is expected that enhanced electrical energy production efficiency, an effect of reducing costs for the operation of a carbon dioxide trapping process, and electricity production from carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, can be simultaneously achieved by increasing the difference in concentration using an absorbent for absorbing carbon dioxide.

An exhaust gas processing system including a process chamber in which an exhaust gas is produced; an exhaust gas measurer receiving the exhaust gas and measuring a concentration of the exhaust gas; a solid producing gas processor receiving the exhaust gas and removing a solid producing gas contained in the exhaust gas; a gas supply supplying dilution and cooling gases to the solid producing gas processor; a processed gas measurer receiving, as a processed gas, the exhaust gas free of the solid producing gas and measuring a temperature of the processed gas and ingredients of the processed gas; and a controller receiving results of measurement of the concentration of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas measurer and results of measurement of the temperature of the processed gas and the ingredients of the processed gas from the exhaust gas measurer and controlling the gas supply based on the measurement results.

A contaminated gas stream can be passed through an in-line mixing device, positioned in a duct containing the contaminated gas stream, to form a turbulent contaminated gas stream. One or more of the following is true: (a) a width of the in-line mixing device is no more than about 75% of a width of the duct at the position of the in-line mixing device; (b) a height of the in-line mixing device is no more than about 75% of a height of the duct at the position of the in-line mixing device; and (c) a cross-sectional area of the mixing device normal to a direction of gas flow is no more than about 75% of a cross-sectional area of the duct at the position of the in-line mixing device. An additive can be introduced into the contaminated gas stream to cause the removal of the contaminant by a particulate control device.

An apparatus for removing an acid gas from a feed gas stream includes an absorber and an electrochemical regenerator. The absorber is adapted for separating the acid gas from the feed gas feed stream using a lean carbon capture solvent. The electrochemical regenerator is connected to the absorber and adapted for (a) regenerating the carbon capture solvent and (b) generating hydrogen gas. A method for removing acid gas from a feed gas stream includes steps of separating, delivering, releasing, generating and returning.

A thermo-electrochemical reactive capture apparatus includes an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode includes a first catalyst, wherein the cathode includes a second catalyst, a porous ceramic support positioned between the anode and the cathode, an electrolyte mixture in pores of the ceramic support, and a steam flow system on an outer side of the cathode. The outer side of the cathode is opposite an inner side of the cathode and the inner side of the cathode is adjacent to the ceramic support. In addition, the electrolyte mixture is configured to be molten at a temperature below about 600° C.

An exhaust gas processing system including a process chamber in which an exhaust gas is produced; an exhaust gas measurer receiving the exhaust gas and measuring a concentration of the exhaust gas; a solid producing gas processor receiving the exhaust gas and removing a solid producing gas contained in the exhaust gas; a gas supply supplying dilution and cooling gases to the solid producing gas processor; a processed gas measurer receiving, as a processed gas, the exhaust gas free of the solid producing gas and measuring a temperature of the processed gas and ingredients of the processed gas; and a controller receiving results of measurement of the concentration of the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas measurer and results of measurement of the temperature of the processed gas and the ingredients of the processed gas from the exhaust gas measurer and controlling the gas supply based on the measurement results.

A propane gas-utilizing system includes a housing having propane gas and a propane leakage prevention material having a catalyst, scavenger, and/or oxidizer of the propane gas arranged in the housing and including at least one of (a) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (I): Ru.sub.1-xM.sub.xO.sub.2 (I), where 0<x≤0.1 and M is Ag, K, Pt, Rh, or Ir, or (b) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (II): Co.sub.3-xM.sub.xO.sub.4 (II), where 0<x≤0.3, and M is Pd, Cu, or Sr, or (c) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (III): MM′.sub.xO.sub.y (III), where x is a stoichiometric ratio of M′ to M, 0≤x≤1.5, y is a stoichiometric ratio of O to M, 1≤y≤3, M is an alkali metal, and M′ (if x>0) is Y, Ce, Nb, Ta, La, Nd, Mn, Ag, Au, or Cr.

The present invention discloses a method for aluminum-enhanced dealkalization of red mud and separation and recovery of aluminum and iron. The method includes: dissolving red mud in water, introducing excessive SO.sub.2, introducing O.sub.2 for aeration, and refluxing part of alkaline leachate after filtering; when pH of a red mud mixture decreases to below 3, washing and filtering the red mud mixture, adding NaOH to acidic leachate to adjust its pH to a strongly alkaline level, aging and filtering the leachate, treating filter residue to recover Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, and refluxing part of alkaline leachate after filtering to the red mud mixture; and adjusting pH of the remaining alkaline leachate after filtering to a weakly acidic level, and conducting filtering to recover aluminum.

The present invention relates to a method of capturing CO.sub.2 from a gas stream. The method uses a two liquid phase capture composition.

The present invention describes methods for absorbing a targeted chemical compound from a gas stream into a scrubbing solution for various uses and with various benefits. Methods are described to produce a gas stream that can be further processed with operational benefits, such as through condensing and wastewater treatment with a lower load on the wastewater treatment system. Methods are described for adsorbing the targeted compound with reduced condensation of water from the gas stream. Methods are described for producing a liquid stream comprising an absorbed form of the targeted compound for use as a saleable product, such as adsorbing ammonia for the production of a fertilizer, wherein the concentration of the absorbed form may be increased through reduced condensation from the gas stream.

Methods are described for producing a lower volume liquid waste stream from the absorption process through the use of reduced condensation of the gas stream.