Described herein is a an adsorbent and/or absorbent composition, a method of preparing the adsorbent and/or absorbent composition, and method of treating a fluid stream with the adsorbent and/or absorbent composition. Alumina and carbon are combined with polyacrylamide (PAM) powder and water in preferred proportions and impregnates such as Group 1A metal hydroxides. Group 7A salts of Group 1A metals optionally can be added.

A method for removing contaminants from a gas stream including contacting a gas stream comprising hydrocarbons and sulfur contaminants with a modified nanocomposite adsorbent. Also provided are compositions and processes for forming compositions of a modified nanocomposite adsorbent composition for removing sulfur contaminants from a hydrocarbon stream. Additionally, provided is system for removing sulfur impurities from a gaseous hydrocarbon stream, where the system includes a plurality of adsorbent vessels arranged in series, where the adsorbent vessels include an emulsion of a modified nanocomposite adsorbent composition.

Provided is a method for upgrading a bio-based material, the method including the steps of pre-treating bio-renewable oil(s) and/or fat(s) to provide a bio-based fresh feed material, hydrotreating the bio-based fresh feed material, followed by separation, to provide a bio-propane composition.

A method of oxygen scavenging, the method (i) providing an oxygen scavenger composition; and (ii) adding the oxygen scavenger composition to an aqueous feed and/or a hydrocarbon feed of a hydrocarbon processing system.

This invention provides a composition comprising I. at least one reaction product between a nitrogen-free monohydric alcohol and an aldehyde or ketone, and II. at least one reaction product between a nitrogen-free sugar alcohol and an aldehyde or ketone, and optionally III. at least one reaction product from III.a) formaldehyde, and III.b) an amine, selected from the group consisting of primary alkyl amines having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and primary hydroxy alkyl amines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and optionally IV. at least one solid suppression agent selected from the group consisting of IV(a). alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides IV(b). mono-, di- or tri-hydroxy alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl amines, IV(c). mono-, di- or tri-alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl primary, secondary and tertiary amines or IV(d). multifunctional amines and IV(e). mixtures of compounds of groups IV(a) to IV(c). wherein alkyl is C.sub.1 to C.sub.15, aryl is C.sub.6 to C.sub.15 and alkylaryl is C.sub.7 to C.sub.15.

There is provided a process for producing a target material-enriched product from a target material-comprising gaseous feed material, wherein the target material-comprising gaseous feed material includes a carrier agent-interacting material, comprising: treating the target material-comprising gaseous feed material for effecting depletion of the carrier agent-interacting material within the target material-comprising gaseous feed material, with effect that a carrier agent-interacting material-depleted gaseous material is produced; and fractionating the carrier agent-interacting material-depleted gaseous material via a membrane, with effect that a product is obtained that is enriched in the target material relative to the target material-comprising gaseous feed material. The membrane includes a carrier agent to which the carrier agent-interacting agent is detrimental in response to emplacement of the carrier agent-interacting agent in mass transfer communication with the carrier agent.

The invention includes a gas processing system for transforming a hydrocarbon-containing inflow gas into outflow gas products, where the system includes a gas delivery subsystem, a plasma reaction chamber, and a microwave subsystem, with the gas delivery subsystem in fluid communication with the plasma reaction chamber, so that the gas delivery subsystem directs the hydrocarbon-containing inflow gas into the plasma reaction chamber, and the microwave subsystem directs microwave energy into the plasma reaction chamber to energize the hydrocarbon-containing inflow gas, thereby forming a plasma in the plasma reaction chamber, which plasma effects the transformation of a hydrocarbon in the hydrocarbon-containing inflow gas into the outflow gas products, which comprise acetylene and hydrogen. The invention also includes methods for the use of this gas processing system.

A process of removing methanol, CO.sub.2, or both from a hydrocarbon stream is described. The process uses an adsorbent comprising binderless type 3A zeolite. The adsorbent has high methanol removal capacity and low olefin co-adsorption capacity, as well as low reactivity in an olefin stream. This allows reduced adsorbent loading while maintaining downstream catalyst performance and product quality. The adsorbent comprises a type 3A zeolite comprising less than 5% of a binder and an ion exchange ratio of 30% to 70%. The adsorption process can obtain an outlet methanol content of 1 ppmw or less.

A process for adsorbing impurities from hydrocarbon gas streams is disclosed. The process involves passing a hydrocarbon gas stream and a solid dry adsorbent under inert environment to a scrubbing chamber for adsorbing impurities from the hydrocarbon gas streams within the scrubbing chamber. The process adsorption of impurities in scrubbing chamber is carried under non-oxidative conditions to generate a clean product gas.

Disclosed herein are methods for removing acetylene from an ethylene gas stream wherein a catalyst reacts with the acetylene to polymerize said acetylene forming an ethylene gas stream substantially free of acetylene.