A system and method for producing refined biomethane gas from a renewable natural gas source. The method may include receiving, by a vessel, processed biogas, the processed biogas having been processed from a renewable natural gas source. The method may include receiving, by a nitrogen rejection vessel assembly comprising a nitrogen rejection vessel, gas from the vessel. The method may include separating, by the nitrogen rejection vessel assembly, at least some nitrogen-containing molecules from the received gas. The method may include outputting, by the nitrogen rejection vessel assembly, nitrogen-removed gas. The method may include compressing, by a compressor, the nitrogen-removed gas. The method may include removing, by a dehydration vessel, at least some moisture from the compressed nitrogen-removed gas. The method may include outputting, by the dehydration vessel, refined biomethane gas.

A method and apparatus for cleaning a contaminated gas, the method comprising passing the contaminated gas through at least two cleaning stages of rubber material through which water flows, wherein the gas and the water pass cocurrently though the at least two stages of rubber material.

Processes for removing arsenic compounds from a feed stream using an adsorbent in disclosed. The process includes contacting a feed stream comprising at least arsenic and sulfur compounds with an adsorbent comprising an low-crystallinity manganese oxide, at least one halide and a binder, to provide a treated effluent substantially free of the arsenic and sulfur compounds.

A method of preparing an adsorbent for removing siloxane, in which the method includes mixing a silica particle and an OH compound to bond OH functional groups to the silica particle; measuring percentage by weight of OH bonded to the silica particle; calculating a bonding number and spacing of the OH functional groups by the percentage by weight of OH bonded to the silica particle; performing an evaluation of an adsorption rate and desorption rate of the silica particle to which the OH functional groups, of which the bonding number and spacing are calculated, are bonded; and adjusting the bonding number of the OH functional groups in the silica particle according to the evaluation.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards methods for preparing mixed-metal oxide particles by heating adamantane-intercalated layered double-hydroxide (LDH) particles at a reaction temperature of from 400 C. to 800 C. to form mixed-metal oxide particles. The adamantane-intercalated LDH particles have a general formula [M.sub.1-xAl.sub.x(OH).sub.2](A).sub.x.mH.sub.2O, where x is from 0.14 to 0.33, m is from 0.33 to 0.50, M is chosen from Mg, Ca, Co, Ni, Cu, or Zn, and A is adamantane carboxylate, and an aspect ratio greater than 100. The aspect ratio is defined by the width of an adamantane-intercalated LDH particle divided by the thickness of the adamantane-intercalated LDH particle. The mixed-metal oxide particles comprise a mixed-metal oxide phase containing M, Al or Fe, and carbon.

A manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment is a manufacturing apparatus of a semiconductor device or a liquid crystal device including a process chamber discharging exhaust gas, a waste liquid discharger discharging waste liquid including a part of the exhaust gas, a first pipe provided between the process chamber and the waste liquid discharger, having a first opening area in a cross section in a direction perpendicular to a moving direction of the exhaust gas, a second pipe provided between the first pipe and the waste liquid discharger, having a second opening area smaller than the first opening area in a cross section in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the exhaust gas, and a third pipe connected to the first pipe, the third pipe supplying a condensing agent having a normal boiling point of equal to or higher than 25 C. to the first pipe.

Adsorbent materials are disclosed, along with filter elements containing the adsorbent materials methods of using adsorbents to remove siloxane contaminants from a gas stream. The method includes providing an adsorbent material that has been washed with an acid and passing a gas through the adsorbent material so as to reduce siloxane levels in the gas. A filter element for reducing siloxane levels in a gas includes a first adsorbent material, the first adsorbent material comprising an acid-washed adsorbent; and a second adsorbent material, the second adsorbent material comprising an acid-impregnated adsorbent.

A device of capturing a sintered product after sintering a waste gas in a semiconductor manufacturing process includes: a cover disposed at a top of a reaction chamber formed on a waste gas treatment tank; a waste gas introducing pipe and a heater respectively disposed in the reaction chamber, a waste gas reaction end being formed at the heater in the reaction chamber corresponding to an outlet of the waste gas introducing pipe; a ring-shaped water disk disposed between the cover and the waste gas treatment tank, an inlet pipe located outside of the reaction chamber being formed on the ring-shaped water disk; and a plurality of nozzles spaced apart at a circumferential distance distributed in the reaction chamber.

A biogas combustion system that obtains a stable output and saves energy is realized. A combustion system comprises a separation portion 14 that removes carbon dioxide from a treatment target gas containing a mixture gas containing methane as a main component and containing carbon dioxide to obtain methane gas of a high purity in which at least a content of carbon dioxide has been reduced, and a combustion portion 15 that combusts the methane gas. The separation portion 14 includes a first treatment chamber 11 and a second treatment chamber 12 separated from each other by a separation membrane 13 therebetween. The separation membrane 13 selectively allows the carbon dioxide in the treatment target gas supplied to the first treatment chamber 11 to pass therethrough to the second treatment chamber 12 to obtain a first separation gas having a higher methane purity than the treatment target gas in the first treatment chamber 11 and a second separation gas containing the carbon dioxide in the treatment target gas in the second treatment chamber 12.

The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for reducing or preventing the poisoning and/or contamination of an SCR catalyst. In still another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for increasing the service life and/or catalytic activity of an SCR catalyst while simultaneously controlling various emissions. In yet another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling, mitigating and/or reducing the amount of selenium contained in and/or emitted by one or more pieces of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.).