Ionization systems and methods include moving air into contact with one or more ion generators and then past an ozone removal assembly to remove at least some ozone from the air. The air may be moved by a fan and may be filtered before contacting the one or more ion generators. The amount of one or more of the following of the air may be measured: the amount of ions, particulates, temperature, humidity, and other relevant factors. The ionization amount may be adjusted based on one or more of the measured amounts. The one or more ion generators and ozone removal assembly may be constructed as part of a single unit so they can be removed and replaced easily.

A built-in apparatus and method for treating air including a housing with an air inlet and an air outlet. An air mover positioned near the air outlet is configured to draw the air through the air inlet. The housing encloses an air treatment zone, such as including an oxidizing zone, and an ozone removal zone positioned downstream of the air treatment zone and oxidizing zone. The air treatment zone includes UV light and/or ozone that partially oxidizes the chemical contaminants in the air treatment zone. A catalyst in the oxidizing zone oxidizes elements within the air treatment zone. The ozone removal zone includes a second, different catalyst material. A UV bulb that may or may not generate ozone is positioned within or downstream of the first and/or second catalyst materials to assist catalyst oxidation and/or self-clean the apparatus.

In order to separate diborane from a gas mixture containing diborane and hydrogen, the gas mixture is normally cooled in a storage tank using liquid nitrogen, wherein the diborane freezes out. In order to enable an extensively continuous separation of the diborane from the gas mixture, according to the invention, the gas mixture is brought into thermal contact with a liquefied gas in a heat exchanger, which liquefied gas is held at a pressure such that the diborane is liquefied by the thermal contact with the coolant, and the liquefied diborane is then discharged from the first heat exchanger and supplied to a storage tank. In a downstream, second heat exchanger, the diborane remaining in the gas mixture can then be caused to freeze out.

A reusable, air cleaning device includes: (a) a top frame having a top perimeter edge that encloses a top area, (b) a plurality of top screens, each with a top bounding edge and configured to cover the top area, (c) a bottom frame having a bottom perimeter edge that encloses a bottom area, (d) a plurality of bottom screens, each with a bottom bounding edge and configured to cover the bottom area, (e) an attachment device configured to temporarily hold the frames together so that the top frame lies above the bottom frame to create a confined space between the screens, (f) a locking device configured to temporarily lock the frames together, (g) activated carbon granules that are distributed on the bottom screen, and wherein the plurality of screens are configured to have a combination of sizes that prevent the activated carbon granules from passing through the screens.

An apparatus is for cleaning flatulence of obnoxious odor, infectious virus and/or bacteria, and other contaminants. It can be mounted underneath a seat or bed provided with a flatulence collecting means. Flatulence is drawn through a series of chambers with charcoal provided in a first chamber for removing the obnoxious odor, copper wool provided in a second chamber having plurality of maze-like chambers for capturing and exterminating virus and/or bacteria; and a final chamber having sanitizing mist for eliminating contaminants.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a water circulation-type malodor reduction system including a fluid supply line that supplies a fluid to a roof of a livestock barn, a first reservoir which is provided on one side of the roof and in which the fluid flowing along the roof is accommodated, and an accommodation part in which the fluid falling from the first reservoir is accommodated, wherein the accommodation part is disposed so that the fluid falls in an S shape.

An air purifier includes a housing that includes an intake port and an exhaust port, a filter unit that includes a photocatalytic filter and is housed in a unit housing within the housing, a light source that exposes the photocatalytic filter to light, and a blast fan that generates a flow of air passing through the unit housing. The photocatalytic filter is formed in a wavy shape in which ridge portions and trough portions extending in a first direction are alternately arranged in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the photocatalytic filter is housed in the unit housing such that the flow of air flows along the first direction.

An air purification system for a passenger cabin of a transport vessel. The air purification system comprises an elongated air compartment having a panel, with a plurality of openings along the panel. Air filters reside within the various openings to receive air from inside the cabin. The system also includes a plurality of air tubes. Air moves through the air tubes, aided by a source of compressed air to motive flow valves. The motive flow valves create suction to draw air into the air compartment from the passenger cabin. The system also includes at least one UV-C light source. The UV-C light resides within the air compartment, and disinfects the air moving through the air compartment. A plurality of air outlets are also placed along the lower panel, with each outlet configured to release air at selected points to provide a continuous distribution of filtered and disinfected air into the passenger cabin.

A plasma driven catalyst apparatus useful for disinfecting and purifying air. The apparatus has a synergistically favorable effect from plasma and catalyst on high disinfecting and purifying efficiency and efficacy, low by-product formation, and low energy consumption. The plasma combined with catalyst enhances the production of new reactive species, increases the oxidizing power of the plasma discharge, as well as activate the catalyst that additionally contributes towards the disinfection and purification process and the elimination of toxic by-products.

Puncture elements and methods for using the same are disclosed. The puncture elements according to the disclosed concept include a cutting edge or a sharp and are composed of a mineral loaded polymer. The minerals of the mineral loaded polymer include an active agent, such as a desiccant. Optionally, the puncture elements are used to puncture a cover (e.g., foil seal) of a package.