Filter media, filter elements, and methods for filtering an gas stream are described herein. In some embodiments, the filter media may comprise a fiber web comprising a plurality of fibers and having a particular oil repellency level. For instance, in certain embodiments, the surface chemistry of the fiber web may be tailored to impart a particular surface energy density that matches the surface energy density of the fluid (e.g., an oil, a lubricant, and/or a cooling agent) being removed from the gas stream. In some embodiments, the fiber web may be wrapped around a core. For example, the fiber web may be wrapped around the core such that it forms two or more layers around the core. In some cases, the fiber web may be perforated. In certain embodiments, an gas stream comprising a fluid (e.g., an oil, a lubricant, and/or a cooling agent) may be passed through the fiber web, filter media, and/or filter element such that at least a portion of the fluid coalesces on the fiber web. Fiber webs, filter media, and/or filter elements as described herein may be particularly well-suited for applications that involve filtering gas streams containing oil, lubricants, and/or cooling agents (e.g., gas streams generated by a compressor) though the media may also be used in other applications. Advantageously, the fiber webs, filter media, and/or filter elements described herein may significantly reduce or prevent fouling of the filter caused by oil or other liquids.

A honeycomb structure including: a honeycomb structure body having porous partition walls which define a plurality of cells extending from an inflow end face to an outflow end face to form through channels for a fluid, and a first circumferential wall which is disposed in at least a part of a circumference of the partition walls, and a second circumferential wall disposed to surround an outer side of the honeycomb structure body, wherein the honeycomb structure body does not have an interface between the partition walls and the first circumferential wall, and in a face perpendicular to an extending direction of the cells, a maximum thickness of the first circumferential wall is from 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

A hybrid vehicle includes an engine, a first motor, a planetary, the first motor, and a drive shaft, such that the first motor, the engine, and the drive shaft are arranged in this order in a collinear diagram, a second motor configured to be connected to the drive shaft, a power storage device configured to exchange an electric power with the first motor and the second motor. A braking force is applied to a vehicle by motoring the engine, in which fuel injection is stopped, by the first motor and/or regenerative driving of the second motor, when an accelerator is not operated. Motoring of the engine, in which fuel injection is stopped, by the first motor is limited, in a case where a deposition amount of particulate matter deposited on the filter is equal to or higher than a predetermined amount, when an accelerator is not operated.

Systems and methods are described for performing a diagnostic on an exhaust gas aftertreatment system. A gas entry parameter into a portion of an exhaust system of an engine is determined. In response to determining that the gas entry parameter is less than the predetermined threshold, a level of NH3 in the exhaust gas is determined. In response to determining that the level of NH3 is above a threshold value, degradation of a particulate filter of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is indicated.

An exhaust gas purification filter includes a cell assembly including cells each having a quadrangular cross-sectional shape and a partition wall, seal members, and a skin member. The partition wall has a porosity P1 of 50% to 70%, and the skin member has a porosity P2 of 50% to 70%, the porosity P1 and the porosity P2 satisfy a relationship P1<P2. A difference between the porosity P2 and the porosity P1 is 20% or less. The partition wall includes crossing portions, each cell has at least one part of an outer periphery defined by a corresponding one of the crossing portions, the at least one part is rounded to have a radius of curvature R, each cell has a radius r of a hydraulic diameter, the radius of curvature R and the radius r of the hydraulic diameter satisfy a relationship 0.2<R [mm]/r [mm]<1.

An internal combustion engine exhaust modification system for transforming exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine into modified exhaust emissions. The exhaust modification system includes a housing extending between inlet and outlet ends thereof. The system also includes an impeller rotatably mounted in the housing, and a filter subassembly downstream from the impeller. The filter subassembly removes part of particulate matter and liquid droplets in the exhaust emissions to transform the exhaust emissions into modified exhaust emissions. The system includes a conduit extending between an inner end thereof positioned to direct cooler air exiting therefrom into the housing toward the filter subassembly, and an outer end thereof. The system also includes a funnel subassembly having a funnel body for directing the cooler air into the outer end of the conduit.

An exhaust treatment system includes an exhaust line, a series of emission treatment units, and an electronic control unit. The series of emission treatment units includes a catalytic unit, a particulate filter unit, an oxidation catalytic unit, a hydrogen injection unit, and a Lean NOx Trap (LNT) for trapping select emissions. A method of operating an exhaust treatment system includes introducing a fuel to a combustion engine of a motor vehicle, directing emissions from the combustion engine to an exhaust line, and passing the emissions in the exhaust line through a series of emission treatment units on the exhaust line. The method further includes injecting hydrogen into the exhaust line via a hydrogen injection unit, where an amount of hydrogen gas injected from a hydrogen inlet line reduces the trapped emissions in the LNT to an inert gas.

A gasoline particulate filter (GPF) diagnostic technique utilizes an upstream temperature sensor arranged at an upstream point relative to a GPF brick that the GPF is configured to house and configured to measure an upstream temperature of exhaust gas produced by an engine, a downstream temperature sensor arranged at a downstream point relative to the GPF brick and configured to measure a downstream temperature of the exhaust gas produced by the engine, and a controller configured to detect whether the GPF brick is damaged or missing based on a temperature difference between the upstream and downstream exhaust gas temperatures, a set of temperature thresholds, and a current operational mode of the engine.

A ceramic filter having a pillar-shaped honeycomb structure, wherein when observing a plurality of pores from a surface of partition walls with a laser microscope and plotting an equivalent circle diameter (μm) of each pore on an X-axis and a pore depth (μm) of each pore on a Y-axis on a two-dimensional coordinate system, a slope of a regression line (y/x) obtained by a least squares method in a range of 20≤x≤40 is 0 to 0.20, an average value of the pore depth of the plurality of pores is 2.5 μm to 5.0 μm, and a number density of the plurality of pores is 600/mm.sup.2 to 2450/mm.sup.2.

A porous material includes aggregate particles and a binding material. In the aggregate particles, oxide films containing cristobalite are provided on surfaces of particle bodies that are silicon carbide particles or silicon nitride particles. The binding material binds the aggregate particles together in a state where pores are provided therein. The porous material contains at least one of copper, calcium, and nickel as an ancillary component.