Embodiments relate generally to a filter, for example, for attachment onto a gas detector device or a gas sensor, and attempt to improve the efficiency and service life of the filter. Embodiments typically comprise a dustproof membrane and a waterproof membrane. Some embodiments may also comprise a splash-proof cap and/or features to reduce negative pressure on the filters.

A self-contained filtration assembly with a self-contained filtration cassette therein. The cassette may be formed from one or more layers membranes and spacers (spacers, screens, or combinations thereof) all having the same general shape. The cassette may have a feed inlet path and a retentate outlet path extending through the layers of the cassette within the perimeter of the cassette, and a permeate outlet path between the cassette exterior and the interior of the cassette housing. The housing may have a generally circular or elliptical cross-section. A clamping assembly may hold together the components of the housing, and may be elongated in a direction along the flow path of the feedstream through the cassette. Various port-defining zones defined in the layers of the cassette may be sealed in a manner facilitating assembly of the cassette as well as isolation of the flow paths therein.

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for blood and other biological fluid purification using a membrane with cell containing vascular channel systems and filtration channel systems. Also disclosed are methods of making the apparatus as well as methods of making membranes.

The present invention relates to a crossflow membrane module configured to separate a feed fluid into a permeate fluid and a residue fluid across one or more membrane sheet(s). The crossflow module comprises a second end offset from a first end along the first direction where an inlet is provided at the first end and an outlet is provided at the second end. The one or more membrane sheet(s) each have a first portion and a second portion. A conduit is adjacent to the first side of each membrane sheet and is configured to receive and output the permeate fluid separated from the feed fluid. The second portion of the membrane sheet has a greater permeance for a major component than the first portion such that the second part of the permeate fluid, which is generated by separation across the second portion of the membrane sheet, has a higher concentration of the major component than the first part of the permeate fluid, which is generated by separation across the first portion. The second portion is spaced apart from the first side of the membrane sheet along the second direction thereby causing the second part of the permeate gas to flow towards the first side of the membrane sheet such that the second part of the permeate gas mixes with the first part of the permeate gas thereby reducing the concentration of the minor component in the first part of the permeate gas.

A filtration apparatus for a container, the apparatus includes a connection portion for securing the apparatus to the container; a housing; a hand pump attached to the housing, the hand pump comprising an inlet, an outlet, and a user-operated actuator, the hand pump is configured to pass filtered water through the inlet in a first direction towards the outlet of the hand pump during a first stroke of the user-operated actuator, and in both the first direction and in a second direction opposite to the first direction during a second stroke of the user-operated actuator; and a filter fluidly connected to the inlet of the hand pump, the housing is configured to house the filter and at least part of the hand pump, the housing is configured to pass water, the filter is configured to be a two-way valve for regulating water flow between the housing and the hand pump.

A plurality of membrane elements are arranged in series within a pressure vessel in which at least two of the elements exhibit different permeances or selectivities for a gas or gas pair respectively.

A module comprises a cell stack having a plurality of alternating ion depleting compartments and ion concentrating compartments, an inlet manifold configured to facilitate a flow of fluid into the cell stack, and a first flow distribution system, associated with the inlet manifold, including a first ramp to promote the circulation of the flow of fluid into the cell stack.

The filter system includes a feed hose (10) arranged along a permeate hose (20), wherein the feed hose (10) and the permeate hose (20) include a membrane (7) as the common wall section, and wherein the permeate hose (20) is closed at the front end and includes a permeate outlet (29) at the rear end. A fluid to be prepared flows in a pressurized state through the feed hose (10). At the end of the feed hose, a first fraction of the fluid flows through a retentate outlet (25) out of the feed hose (10). A further fraction of the fluid moves through pores of the membrane (7) into the permeate hose (20). This fraction flows through a permeate outlet (25) at the end of the permeate hose (20), separate from the retentate, and out of the filter system.

An energy recovery system for use in a reverse osmosis system is provided. The energy recovery system has a pair of double headed pistons that reciprocate to pressurize unfiltered water into a reverse osmosis filtration unit. High pressure wastewater from the reverse osmosis filtration unit is used in conjunction with a pump to pressurize the unfiltered water that is pumped to the reverse osmosis filtration unit.

A hollow fiber membrane module that increases a ratio of a membrane area contributing to membrane separation effect. On an inner wall surface of a case 100, at least one flow-straightening projection 130 and at least one flow-disturbing projection 140 are provided. The flow-straightening projection 130 projects toward an outer circumferential surface of a hollow fiber membrane bundle 300 to secure a gap between the inner wall surface of the case 100 and the hollow fiber membrane bundle 300 and extends from one end side toward the other end side of the case 100 and straightens a flow of fluid. The flow-disturbing projection 140 extends along a circumferential direction of the case 100 and disturbs the flow of the fluid.