A method is disclosed for monitoring deposit formation in an aqueous process. The method includes providing a feed flow of aqueous liquid onto a receiving surface of a monitoring cell. At least part of the receiving surface is illuminated with a light source. Visual data is collected at a multitude of positions across the receiving surface, and the collected visual data is analysed. A quantitative scaling and/or fouling indication is computed for the receiving surface. The monitoring cell has an inlet for the aqueous feed flow and an outlet for a reject flow from the monitoring cell. The receiving surface includes a selective barrier membrane. The feed flow is directed to the receiving surface at an elevated pressure to produce a permeate part that passes through the selective barrier membrane, and a concentrate part that forms the reject flow.

A water filter unit for purifying water fed to the water filter unit. The unit includes a containment defined by a wall section, first and second end sections, wherein the wall section is attached to the first end section and the second end section; a water inlet arranged in the first or second end section through which the water is fed into the containment; a filter membrane arranged in the containment such that at least part of the water is fed through the filter membrane; and a first water outlet for filtered water from the membrane. The unit further includes an injector pump arranged to create an increased flow velocity trough the injector pump of the water fed to the filter membrane, and the injector pump is furthermore arranged to receive unfiltered water not fed through the membrane and recirculate the unfiltered water within the containment.

Described are liquid filter apparatuses that include a housing, an interior within the housing, a cartridge assembly (otherwise known as a “filter cartridge”) contained within the housing, and a vent that allows gaseous fluid from an interior of the housing to be released to an exterior of the housing, or that include an electrostatic charge mitigation feature, as well as related methods.

A permeate device includes at least one non-porous, gas permeable element configured for contact with a liquid flow and at least one element fabricated from a porous material configured to permit gas flow therethrough. The permeate device may include a vacuum chamber that surrounds an operative portion of a permeation zone. A method for processing a liquid flow to remove entrained gas includes providing a liquid flow that includes an initial level of entrained gas, delivering the liquid flow to a permeate device, wherein the permeate device includes (i) at least one non-porous, gas permeable element configured for direct contact with the flow; and (ii) at least one element fabricated at least in part from a porous material configured so as to permit gas flow therethrough, and applying a negative pressure to the permeate device to draw entrained gas from the flow within an operative portion of the permeate device.

A method including determining a first value associated with a first component of a water filtration system using a first sensor of the water filtration system, determining whether the first component is degraded based on the first value, and in response to determining that the first component is degraded, initiating a shipment of a replacement component.

A membrane defect inspection method that can detect damage in a filtrate membrane and can detect presence or absence of damage or a seal defect in a membrane module; and the method is for a membrane module set including multiple membrane modules connected under gas detection piping communicating with primary spaces of the multiple membrane modules where raw water is supplied or secondary spaces in multiple membrane modules where treated water is extracted after the raw water is filtrated by membranes. The method includes a gas injection process where gas is injected into spaces opposite the primary or secondary spaces communicating with gas detection piping in the multiple membrane modules while the gas detection piping is filled with water, and a vibration detection process where a vibration sensor is brought into contact with a protrusion protruding outward from the gas detection piping to detect vibration of the gas detection piping.

Provided is a membrane distillation module 100 comprising a membrane distillation membrane cartridge 10 and a membrane distillation housing 20, wherein: the membrane cartridge 10 comprises a membrane anchoring part 12 in which porous membranes 11 are anchored by anchoring resin; the housing 20 comprises a housing body 30 and a housing lid 40; the membrane distillation module 100 comprises a support part 60 where the outer surface of the membrane anchoring part 12 is supported by the inner surface of the housing 20 with a seal member 50 interposed therebetween; and a value C in the cross section of the support part 60 is at least 30° C. as represented by the following formula, where d.sub.F is the equivalent circular diameter (mm) of the outer circumference of the membrane anchoring part 12, k.sub.F is the linear expansion coefficient (1/° C.) of the anchoring resin, d.sub.E is the equivalent circular diameter (mm) of the inner circumference of the housing 20; and k.sub.E is the linear expansion coefficient (1/° C.) of a portion where the housing 20 contacts the seal member 50.

A device (1) for purification of water driven by gravity through a purification unit between an upper dirt water container (2) and a lower clean water tank (3). A backwash system may be integrated, the system comprising a receptacle (8) for accumulation of the backwash water to prevent consumption thereof by mistake.

Embodiments described herein relate to methods and systems for dewatering solutions via forward osmosis.

A membrane distillation (MD) system includes a sweep gas MD (SGMD) module and a knockout chamber. The MD module includes a feed inlet, a feed outlet, a condensing media inlet, and a condensing media outlet. The condensing media is sweep gas. The knockout chamber is positioned after the feed outlet. The knockout chamber includes a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, and a vapor outlet. Direct gas phase stripping within the SGMD module leads to additional water evaporation at the knockout chamber and contributes to enhanced water or VOCs removal of the MD system.