A cassette type electrodialysis unit includes an accommodating box, a filter membrane group and a cover member disposed on the accommodating box. The accommodating box includes a membrane support, a membrane limiting wall and an accommodating opening. The membrane limiting wall is disposed on and surrounds the membrane support to form the accommodation opening. The filter membrane group is disposed on the membrane support and abuts an inner side of the membrane limiting wall, and includes a first ion exchange membrane, a second ion exchange membrane and a spacer disposed therebetween. The cover member includes a main body, an opening penetrating the main body, and a pressing portion. A first side of the main body adjacent to the filter membrane group has a peripheral area and an inner area closer to the opening than the outer area, and the pressing portion is formed on the inner area.

The present disclosure provides a cell separation apparatus for a bioreactor. The cell separation apparatus may be disposed outside the bioreactor and in fluid connection with the bioreactor, the cell separation apparatus may be in a shape of a box body, the cell separation apparatus may include a liquid buffer device including a first liquid cavity disposed in the box body; a filter device including a filter channel and a filter membrane disposed in the box body, the filter membrane may be disposed above the filter channel; and a first liquid channel may be configured in the box body to facilitate a fluid communication between the first liquid cavity and the filter channel. A power system for filtering and microfluidic channels are integrated in the cell separation apparatus that is of a box shape, thereby reducing the volume and production cost thereof.

A fiber bundle cartridge for a fiber membrane degassing system includes an inner sleeve including one or more perforations and a fiber bundle positioned radially outward from the inner sleeve. The fiber bundle has an annular shape defining a central bundle axis. The perforations of the inner sleeve define a plurality of inlets and/or outlets facing radially with respect to the central bundle axis. A fiber membrane degassing system includes a housing defining a cylindrical volume having at least one inlet and at least one outlet. The system includes at least one fiber within the cylindrical volume, where fluid flowing through the cylindrical volume from the at least one inlet to the at least one outlet flows perpendicular to a longitudinal dimension of the fiber. A method of degassing a liquid includes directing a liquid volume through a fiber bundle in a direction radial to a longitudinally extending bundle axis.

Embodiments provide a filter with a generally rectangular, non-cylindrical profile. The filter may have multiple pleat packs positioned between pleat covers that define regions and flow channels in a cavity of the filter body. The pleat covers have openings that allow a fluid to flow through the multiple pleat packs via parallel flows or series flows. End caps bonded to the body define flow passages for directing the fluid from an inlet to an outlet via the pleat packs for series or parallel filtration. The pleat packs may be made of the same or different materials and may be configured with the same or different heights based on flow requirements. A cage or a separator may be positioned between the pleat packs. The pleat packs may be made of a continuous pleated membrane with bridges defining a space between the pleat packs to accommodate the cage or separator.

A nanoadsorbent based filter is used for purification of fluoride and arsenic contaminated water. 140-150 g low cost (˜10 USD/kg) nanoparticles of gamma alumina of 20-25 mg/g fluoride and 25-30 mg/g arsenic adsorption capacity is incorporated in propylene filter without susceptibility of leaching incorporated nanoparticles in water. The cost of domestic defluoridation device containing low cost nanoalumina incorporated filters/cartridges along with housing, overhead tank, tubing and treated water storage container etc. is of very low cost of around 25 USD/device. The fluoride treatment cost would be <0.5 USD/100 lit for 4-5 mg/l fluoride water after 2-3 regenerations while, the arsenic treatment cost using domestic filtration device would be <0.25 USD/100 lit for 90-100 μg/l arsenic (III) water. A method incorporates nanoadsorbent in a sediment removal filter candle and provides a household defluoridation device capable of treatment of fluoride and arsenic contaminated ground/drinking water without electricity.

An example separation system includes a stack of membrane plate assemblies. An example membrane plate assembly may include membranes bonded to opposite sides of a spacer plate. The spacer plate may include a first opening in fluid communication with a region between the membranes, and a second opening in fluid communication with a region between membrane plate assemblies. Adjacent membrane plate assemblies in the stack may have alternating orientations such that bonding areas for adjacent membranes in the stack may be staggered. Accordingly, two isolated flows may be provided which may be orthogonal from one another.

A degasification system includes a degasification unit in which a plurality of degasification modules degasifying a liquid are connected, wherein the degasification unit has a connection supply pipe which connects the liquid supply paths of the plurality of degasification modules in series and in which openings through which the liquid passes are formed at positions corresponding to the plurality of degasification modules such that the liquid is supplied to the hollow fiber membrane bundles of the plurality of degasification modules in parallel, and wherein the degasification unit is configured such that a pressure loss of the liquid from a supply port of the connection supply pipe through which the liquid is supplied to the discharge ports of a downstream side degasification module is larger than a pressure loss of the liquid from the supply port to the discharge ports of an upstream side degasification module.

An example separation system includes a stack of membrane plate assemblies. An example membrane plate assembly may include membranes bonded to opposite sides of a spacer plate. The spacer plate may include a first opening in fluid communication with a region between the membranes, and a second opening in fluid communication with a region between membrane plate assemblies. Adjacent membrane plate assemblies in the stack may have alternating orientations such that bonding areas for adjacent membranes in the stack may be staggered. Accordingly, two isolated flows may be provided which may be orthogonal from one another.

A filtration apparatus includes a tubular casing having a longitudinal axis and first and second casing ends, a plurality of partition plates positioned in the casing and sealed thereto to thereby define a plurality of axially successive chambers within the casing, including an intake collection chamber between a first of the partition plates and the first casing end, a discharge collection chamber between a second of the partition plates and the second casing end, and a reject collection chamber opposite the second partition plate from the second casing end. A plurality of elongated filtration membrane stacks are positioned side-by-side in the casing generally parallel to the longitudinal axis. Each filtration membrane stack includes an intake end which is fluidly connected to the intake collection chamber, a discharge end which is fluidly connected to the reject collection chamber, and a permeate channel which extends between the intake and discharge ends and is fluidly connected to the discharge collection chamber, an end of the permeate channel located adjacent the intake end being sealed from the intake collection chamber. The filtration apparatus also includes an intake pipe having a first end fluidly connected to the intake collection chamber and a second end fluidly connected to a first connector located proximate the second casing end; a discharge pipe having a first end fluidly connected to the discharge collection chamber and a second end fluidly connected to a second connector located proximate the first connector; and a reject pipe having a first end fluidly connected to the reject collection chamber and a second end fluidly connected to a third connector located proximate the first and second connectors. Each filtration membrane stack includes a plurality of filtration membranes, and the plurality of filtration membrane stacks together define a plurality of axially successive sets of radially adjacent filtration membranes. Also, each filtration membrane of each of the sets of filtration membranes is sealed to a corresponding hole in a respective one of the partition plates.

A filtration apparatus includes a tubular casing having a longitudinal axis and first and second casing ends, a plurality of partition plates positioned in the casing and sealed thereto to thereby define an intake collection chamber between a first of said partition plates and the first casing end, a discharge collection chamber between a second of said partition plates and the second casing end, and a reject collection chamber opposite the second partition plate from the second casing end, a plurality of elongated filtration membrane stacks positioned side-by-side in the casing generally parallel to the longitudinal axis, each filtration membrane stack comprising an intake end fluidly connected to the intake collection chamber, a discharge end fluidly connected to the reject collection chamber, and a permeate channel extending between the first and second ends and fluidly connected to the discharge collection chamber. The filtration apparatus also includes an intake pipe connected to the intake collection chamber, a discharge pipe connected to the discharge collection chamber, and a reject pipe connected to the reject collection chamber. Each filtration membrane stack is made of a plurality of filtration membranes which are each sealed to a corresponding hole in a corresponding partition plate, each filtration membrane having an inlet end and an outlet end and being sealed to the corresponding hole between the inlet and outlet ends, and the outlet end being spaced apart from an adjacent partition plate located closer to the second casing end.