A method for preparing a nanofiltration membrane and a nanofiltration membrane prepared therefrom, the method comprising the following steps: dissolving a polymer in a solvent to prepare a polymer solution, and curing the polymer solution on a support material to form a base membrane; sequentially applying a first liquid-phase solution and a second liquid-phase solution on the base membrane to form a nascent membrane; densifying the nascent membrane by using a solution that contains an alkaline substance; processing the densified nascent membrane by using a solution that contains an acidic substance; and obtaining the nanofiltration membrane after post-processing and drying.

The present disclosure provides, in some embodiments, devices, methods, and kits for purifying extracellular vesicles (EVs) using size exclusion chromatography in tandem with cation exchange chromatography, which can be referred to as dual-mode chromatography (DMC).

A hollow fiber membrane module includes: a first hollow fiber membrane whose sieving coefficient for dextran having a molecular weight of not less than 300 kDa nor more than 1000 kDa is not less than 0.12 nor more than 0.28, wherein the first hollow fiber membrane adsorbs endotoxins.

Disclosed are a polysaccharide-peptide composite and a method of preparing the same. The polysaccharide-peptide composite is prepared from a bitter melon peptide (BMP) powder, gardenia fruit oil, a soybean polypeptide powder, an oat dietary fiber powder, a konjac powder, a corn silk, a mulberry leaf extract, a Poria cocos extract, a hawthorn extract, nutritional yeast and a pancreatin. The BMP powder is prepared by temperature-controlled hydrolysis, staged enzymatic hydrolysis and multiple filtrations. The gardenia fruit oil is prepared by staged enzymatic hydrolysis, multi-step centrifugation, filtration and stratification.

An ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) membrane has at least one nanoporous UHMWPE film, where each of the nanoporous UHMWPE film is biaxial oriented with a thickness of 0.1 to 12 μm and pores that exclude particles in excess of 10 nm with a total porosity of 65 to 75 percent. The nanoporous UHMWPE film can be coated or laminated by a hydrophilic polymer to form a Janus membrane and can be made with a multilayer composite structure. The UHMWPE membrane can be used in a device for molecular distillation (MD), reverse osmosis (RO), or forward osmosis (FO).

A method of removing chemical contaminants from a composition comprising an active, a solvent, and a contaminant can include providing an initial feed supply, wherein the initial feed supply comprises the active, the solvent, and the contaminant, wherein the contaminant can include 1,4 dioxane, dimethyl dioxane, or a combination thereof; including filtering the initial feed stock through a nanofilter and using reverse osmosis.

Disclosed are compositions that may be useful for forming synthetic membranes, methods of forming membranes therefrom, and membranes. In an embodiment, a membrane comprises a free hydrophilic polymer comprising a polyoxazoline, and a polyurethane, the polyurethane comprising a backbone comprising the reaction product of a diisocyanate, a polymeric aliphatic 5 diol, and optionally a chain extender.

A method for exosome separation and extraction by stacked centrifugal filtration. It is used in molecular biology and clinical examination and comprises an exosome separation and extraction kit consisting of the stacked centrifugal filtration device, an incubation buffer and a protease K. The sample to be tested is incubated at room temperature using the incubation buffer and an appropriate amount of protease K, followed by centrifugation in a centrifuge matching the stacked centrifugal filtration device. After mixing thoroughly, the retained liquid in the ultrafiltration tube is collected to obtain the exosomes. The method needs no large experimental equipments except for a centrifuge, which has a low cost and which is convenient and fast, with short operation time and the possibility of carrying out parallel operations with a large number of samples. The high purity exosomes obtained by the method can meet the demand of large-scale clinical applications.

An object of the present invention is to provide a porous hollow-fiber membrane having high strength while maintaining high pure-water permeation performance. A porous hollow-fiber membrane of the present invention is a porous hollow-fiber membrane including a fluororesin-based polymer, in which the porous hollow-fiber membrane has a columnar texture oriented in a longitudinal direction of the porous hollow-fiber membrane, and a molecular chain of the fluororesin-based polymer is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the porous hollow-fiber membrane.

Disclosed are copolymers, comprising a plurality of zwitterionic repeat units, and a plurality of hydrophobic repeat units, wherein the hydrophobic repeat units each independently comprises a cross-linkable moiety; the cross-linked copolymer network, comprising such copolymer; as well as thin film composite membrane comprising such cross-linked copolymer network.