A reactor is provided for the preparation of modified bitumen, which reactor comprises a horizontal housing comprising a cylindrical wall and two side walls, wherein a bitumen inlet has been provided at or near one of the side walls of the housing and a bitumen product outlet has been provided at or near the opposite side wall of the housing, wherein a plurality of inlets for the provision of oxygen-containing gas has been provided in the cylindrical wall of the housing between the bitumen inlet and the bitumen product outlet, which multi-purpose reactor is further provided with a mixer arranged inside the housing comprising at least one rotor rotating within at least one stator having a plurality of openings. The reaction is used to prepare modified bitumen by contacting bitumen in the reactor with a modified elevated temperature and pressure.

A bubble column reactor includes a reaction zone in which a reaction of a gaseous reactant is carried out in a liquid reaction medium, a first disengaging section provided above the reaction zone and into which a first effluent stream rising from the reaction zone is introduced, and a condensation zone provided above the first disengaging section. The bubble column reactor's condensation zone diameter is smaller than the diameter of the first disengaging section.

The present invention relates to a process for oligomerization in a reactor with zones of variable diameters comprising a step of recycling a precooled solvent.

Proposed is a cylindrical reactor (1) having a vertical longitudinal axis for continuous hydroformylation of a C.sub.6-C.sub.20-olefin or a mixture of C.sub.6-C.sub.20-olefins with synthesis gas in the presence of a homogeneously dissolved metal carbonyl complex catalyst, having a multiplicity of Field tubes (2) which are oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the reactor (1) and welded into a tube plate at the upper end of the reactor (1), having a circulation tube (3) open at both ends which envelops the Field tubes (2) and at its lower end projects beyond said tubes, having a jet nozzle (4) at the bottom of the reactor (1) for injecting the reactant mixture comprising the C.sub.6-C.sub.20-olefin, the synthesis gas and the metal carbonyl complex catalyst, wherein the Field tubes (2) are configured in terms of their number and their dimensions such that the total heat exchanger area of said tubes per unit internal volume of the reactor is in the range from 1 m.sup.2/m.sup.3 to 11 m.sup.2/m.sup.3 and the cross sectional area occupied by the Field tubes (2) per unit cross sectional area of the circulation tube (3) is in the range from 0.03 m.sup.2/m.sup.2 to 0.30 m.sup.2/m.sup.2, a gas distributor ring (5) is provided at the lower end of the circulation tube (3), at the inner wall thereof, via which a substream of the synthesis gas is feedable, and wherein one or more distributor trays (6) are provided in the circulation tube (3).

A gassing reactor is provided that comprises a dispersion stage with a rotor and a stator. The rotor and the stator respectively exhibit at least one shear surface that exhibits at least one axial component in relation to the axis of rotation of the dispersion stage. It is further provided that the gassing reactor exhibits at least one gas feed line that opens into at least one gas outlet opening into a dispersion gap of the dispersion stage formed between the rotor and the stator, delimited by the shear surfaces. In this way, the gas introduction into the liquid can be done within a range in which the maximum shear forces and highly-turbulent shear fields occurs when the gassing reactor is operating and rotor is rotating. This promotes a reliable as a fine-beaded as possible dissipation of the gas into the liquid.

Provided is a bubble column reactor including a down chamber provided at a lower portion of the bubble column reactor, a reaction zone provided at an upper portion of the down chamber, a dispersion plate provided between the down chamber and the reaction zone, and a gas supply pipe connected to the down chamber to supply a gaseous reactant, wherein the gas supply pipe includes a spray part extending into the down chamber, wherein the spray part includes a plurality of spray nozzles configured to spray the gaseous reactant to a lower side of the down chamber.

A reactor system for high temperature reactions of reactants includes at least one reactant containing carbon. The reactor includes a reactor, a liquid media disposed within the reactor, and a solid carbon reaction product. The liquid media does not react irreversibly with the reactant to form products, and the liquid media wets at least a portion of a surface within the reactor. The solid carbon reaction product does not contact at least the portion of the surface within the reactor where the liquid media wets the portion of the surface within the reactor.

The invention provides a micro-interface enhanced oxidation system and an oxidation method for preparing hydrogen peroxide, wherein the micro-interface enhanced oxidation system includes: an oxidation reactor, wherein a top portion of a side surface is provided with a liquid phase pipeline for delivering hydrogenated anthraquinone, and a bottom portion of the side surface is provided with a gas phase pipeline for delivering air; and a liquid distributor, a packing section, a seal pan and a hybrid micro-interface unit that are arranged in order from top to bottom are arranged in the oxidation reactor, wherein the hybrid micro-interface unit comprises a upper-mounted micro-interface generator and a lower-mounted micro-interface generator that are communicated with each other up and down, and the hydrogenated anthraquinone delivered in goes down in turn until being mixed with the air in the hybrid micro-interfacial unit to be dispersed and crushed after being distributed through the liquid distributor.

The present application provides a high-gravity device for generating nano/micron bubble and a reaction system. In the device, the liquid phase is continuous phase and the gas phase is dispersed phase. A gas enters the interior of the device from a hollow shaft, and the gas is subjected to primary shearing under a shearing effect of aerating micropores to form bubbles; then, the bubbles rapidly disengage from the surface of a rotating shaft under the effect of the rotating shaft rotating at a high speed, and are subjected to secondary shearing under the high-gravity environment with the strong shearing force formed by the rotating shaft to form nano/micron bubbles. The device has the advantages of fastness, stability, and small average particle size. The average particle size of the formed nano/micron bubbles is between 800 nanometers and 50 microns, and the average particle size of the bubbles can be regulated in a range by adjusting the rotating speed of the rotating shaft.

An apparatus and a process for reducing the concentration of NOx nitrogen oxides in residual gas may be employed during shutdown and/or startup of apparatuses for preparing nitric acid. An example apparatus for reducing NOx nitrogen oxides may include a reactor that produces NOx nitrogen oxides, an absorption apparatus that absorbs at least part of the NOx nitrogen oxides produced in an aqueous composition, a residual gas purification plant that decomposes and/or reduces unabsorbed NOx nitrogen oxides, feed means for feeding the NOx nitrogen oxides to the absorption apparatus, discharge means for discharging the unabsorbed NOx nitrogen oxides from the absorption apparatus to the residual gas purification plant, and a bypass that transfers a gas mixture from the reactor to the residual gas purification plant while bypassing the absorption apparatus during startup and/or shutdown of the apparatus for preparing nitric acid.