An excrement-treating material has a core part, and a surface layer bonded to the core part by utilizing the adhesion ability of a water-absorbable polymer in the surface layer without using an adhesive. The excrement-treating material suitably exerts the water absorbability and water transport ability inherent to the surface layer. The excrement-treating material is constituted by incorporating pulverized water-absorbable polymer particles of 20 μm to 50 μm, and adding water to the surface of the core part after granulation to noncontinuously form a highly-wet part; reacting a water content in the highly-wet part and the pulverized water-absorbable polymer to noncontinuously form an adhering part; and bonding the surface layer to the core part through the adhering part. Upon absorption of excreted urine, permeation of the urine into the core part is accelerated in a part other than the adhering part.

An ambient humidity control article for controlling the ambient humidity within 45%-55%. The article includes a substrate having a predetermined water absorbability, and a humidity control layer coated on the substrate. The amount of the composition coated on per cubic centimeter of the substrate is 0.54-0.74 grams. The composition includes at least one organic acid salt, at least one polyol and water. The count of carbon in the polyols is not greater than 5. The weight percentage of the organic acid salt and the polyols in the composition is 30.6%-58.8% and 9.3%-26.7%, respectively. The water absorption amount of the substrate is not less than 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter. The article can control the ambient humidity without the need to pre-adjust the objective space. The article has a large capacity of moisture absorption and desorption, and can quickly achieve the desired humidity.

An ambient humidity control article for controlling the ambient humidity within 45%-55%. The article includes a substrate having a predetermined water absorbability, and a humidity control layer coated on the substrate. The amount of the composition coated on per cubic centimeter of the substrate is 0.54-0.74 grams. The composition includes at least one organic acid salt, at least one polyol and water. The count of carbon in the polyols is not greater than 5. The weight percentage of the organic acid salt and the polyols in the composition is 30.6%-58.8% and 9.3%-26.7%, respectively. The water absorption amount of the substrate is not less than 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter. The article can control the ambient humidity without the need to pre-adjust the objective space. The article has a large capacity of moisture absorption and desorption, and can quickly achieve the desired humidity.

The invention relates to alkenyl(perfluoroalkyl)phosphinic acids, to the preparation and intermediates thereof, to the use thereof as monomers for the preparation of oligomers and/or polymers, to the corresponding oligomers/polymers, to the corresponding support materials comprising the oligomers/polymers, and to the use thereof as ion exchangers, as catalysts or extraction medium and corresponding salts thereof.

The invention relates to alkenyl(perfluoroalkyl)phosphinic acids, to the preparation and intermediates thereof, to the use thereof as monomers for the preparation of oligomers and/or polymers, to the corresponding oligomers/polymers, to the corresponding support materials comprising the oligomers/polymers, and to the use thereof as ion exchangers, as catalysts or extraction medium and corresponding salts thereof.

The present invention relates to systems and methods for conrolling the atmosphere in the cabin (1) of a vehicle. The system comprises a carbon dioxide removal conduit (2) comprising a regenerable carbon dioxide removal chamber (5,6) containing a carbon dioxide sorbent material and a regeneration circuit (7) arranged to expel the desorbed carbon diocide at a location exterior (8) of the cabin (1) The system is operable to maintain a carbon dioxide level below 1000 ppm in the passenger cabin for a period of at least 5 minutes while restricting the flow of air from outside the vehicle into the passenger cabin to 10 L/s or less.

The present invention relates to systems and methods for conrolling the atmosphere in the cabin (1) of a vehicle. The system comprises a carbon dioxide removal conduit (2) comprising a regenerable carbon dioxide removal chamber (5,6) containing a carbon dioxide sorbent material and a regeneration circuit (7) arranged to expel the desorbed carbon diocide at a location exterior (8) of the cabin (1) The system is operable to maintain a carbon dioxide level below 1000 ppm in the passenger cabin for a period of at least 5 minutes while restricting the flow of air from outside the vehicle into the passenger cabin to 10 L/s or less.

The composite adsorbent for an adsorption chiller is a composite material formed from multi-walled carbon nanotubes incorporated into a metal organic framework, where the metal organic framework is MIL-101(Cr). The MIL-101 family of metal organic frameworks include terephthalate (benzene 1,4-dicarboxylate) linkers and M.sub.3O-carboxylate trimers (M=Cr or Fe) with octrahedrally coordinated metal ions binding terminal water molecules. MIL-101 frameworks having a crystal structure with very large pore sizes (29 and 34 Angstroms) and surface area, and are known to have a large water uptake. However, metal organic frameworks have low thermal conductivity due to the presence of organic matter, resulting in lower heat transfer rates and greater cycle time, and are not stable in aqueous media or disintegrate slowly upon recurrent hydrothermal cycling. Composite binding with multi-wall carbon nanotubes improves heat transfer characteristics and thermal stability.

An adsorbent for halogenated anaesthetics includes: an inorganic material; and an organic material providing a framework for the inorganic material. The inorganic material may be chromium and the organic material may be terephthalic acid. The adsorbent may be formed or configured such that the adsorbent includes coordinatively unsaturated sites or such that the inorganic material may form octahedral structures. The adsorbent is formed or configured to be substantially regenerated at approximately room temperature and to provide selectivity for sevofluorane in water vapor of approximately 1.0. A method of producing an adsorbent includes: selecting an appropriate chemical containing an inorganic material; selecting an organic material to provide a framework for the inorganic material; dissolving the base chemical in water; mixing the organic material with the dissolved base chemical; heating the mixture; filtering the mixture to remove excess organic material; and drying the filtrate.

The use of porous crystalline solids constituted of a metal-organic framework (MOF) for the capture of polar volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In particular, the MOF of interest are material having an average pores sizes of 0.4 to 0.6 nm and an hydrophobic core formed by a metal oxide and/or hydroxide network connected by linkers, the linkers being selected from the group including (i) C.sub.6-C.sub.24 aromatic polycarboxylate linkers, such as benzyl or naphtyl di-, tri- or tetracarboxylate, and (ii) C.sub.6-C.sub.16 polycarboxylate aliphatic linkers; the linkers bearing or not apolar fluorinated groups, e.g. —(CF.sub.2)n—CF.sub.3 groups, n being a integer from 0 to 5, preferably 0 ou 3, and/or apolar C.sub.1-C.sub.20 preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl groups, e.g. —CH.sub.3 or —CH.sub.2—CH.sub.3, grafted directly to the linkers and pointing within the pores of the MOF. The MOF solids used in the present invention can be used for the purification of air, for example for the capture of polar VOCs like acetic acid and aldehydes from indoor air in cars, museums and archives, much more efficiently than common adsorbents, particularly in presence of above normal levels of humidity. They can in particular be used for the preservation of cultural heritage.