The present invention relates to a monolith catalyst for carbon-dioxide/methane reforming and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a novel monolith catalyst for a reforming reaction having improved thermal durability, configured such that a sintering inhibiting layer is formed by coating the surface of a monolith support with at least one element selected from the group consisting of Group 2, 3, 6, 13, 15 and 16 elements among elements in Period 3 or higher and an active catalyst layer is formed on the sintering inhibiting layer, thereby preventing carbon deposition and catalyst deactivation due to deterioration even upon reaction at high temperatures.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method of preparing 2,5-furandimethylcarboxylate (FDMC), including preparing 2,5-furandimethylcarboxylate (FDMC) by subjecting a reaction mixture including 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), air, and an alcohol solvent to oxidative esterification in the presence of a gold (Au)-nanoparticle-supported catalyst, in which the gold (Au)-nanoparticle-supported catalyst includes a support and gold (Au) nanoparticles supported on the support.

Carbon-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C.sub.3N.sub.4) compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and barbituric acid. Phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and etidronic acid. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions, when in the presence of UV or visible light, can be used in water treatment systems to photocatalytically degrade persistent organic micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), pesticides, and herbicides. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions can also be applied to surfaces of household and public items to kill protozoa, eukaryotic parasites, algal pathogens, bacteria, fungi, prions, viruses, or other microorganisms, preventing the transfer thereof between users.

Carbon-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C.sub.3N.sub.4) compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and barbituric acid. Phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and etidronic acid. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions, when in the presence of UV or visible light, can be used in water treatment systems to photocatalytically degrade persistent organic micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), pesticides, and herbicides. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions can also be applied to surfaces of household and public items to kill protozoa, eukaryotic parasites, algal pathogens, bacteria, fungi, prions, viruses, or other microorganisms, preventing the transfer thereof between users.

A process of producing a catalyst comprises forming mesoporous beta zeolite particles, impregnating mesoporous beta zeolite particles with a metal and phosphorus to produce a metal and phosphorus impregnated zeolite, and incorporating the metal and phosphorus impregnated zeolite with clay and alumina to produce the catalyst. The forming step comprises converting a crystalline beta zeolite to a non-crystalline material with reduced silica content relative to the crystalline beta zeolite, and crystalizing the non-crystalline material to produce mesoporous beta zeolite particles.

A process of producing a catalyst comprises forming mesoporous beta zeolite particles, impregnating mesoporous beta zeolite particles with a metal and phosphorus to produce a metal and phosphorus impregnated zeolite, and incorporating the metal and phosphorus impregnated zeolite with clay and alumina to produce the catalyst. The forming step comprises converting a crystalline beta zeolite to a non-crystalline material with reduced silica content relative to the crystalline beta zeolite, and crystalizing the non-crystalline material to produce mesoporous beta zeolite particles.

A multicomponent photocatalyst includes a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material. A method of performing a catalytic reaction includes loading a multicomponent photocatalyst including a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material into a reaction chamber; introducing molecular reactants into the reaction chamber; and illuminating the reaction chamber with a light source.

A multicomponent photocatalyst includes a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material. A method of performing a catalytic reaction includes loading a multicomponent photocatalyst including a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material into a reaction chamber; introducing molecular reactants into the reaction chamber; and illuminating the reaction chamber with a light source.

A bifunctional catalyst for conversion of oxygenates, said bifunctional catalyst comprising zeolite, alumina binder, Zn and P, wherein P is evenly distributed across the catalyst.

A bifunctional catalyst for conversion of oxygenates, said bifunctional catalyst comprising zeolite, alumina binder, Zn and P, wherein P is evenly distributed across the catalyst.