Catalysts for the dehydration of lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof in liquid phase comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid are provided.

Catalysts for the dehydration of lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof in liquid phase comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid are provided.

A method for preparing a porous nano-fiber heterostructure photocatalytic filter screen includes: preparing a noble metal nanostructure with tunable spectra and a heterostructure composite photocatalyst of a photocatalytic material; and preparing a large area and multilayer porous nano-fiber filter screen structure, while utilizing a scattering enhancement effect of metal nanoparticles in an porous optical fiber to realize repeated conduction of sunlight in the optical fiber and finally interact with the composite photocatalyst on a surface to improve photocatalytic efficiency. Preparation of the heterostructure composite photocatalyst with a wide spectral response of and tunable visible to infrared band spectra is realized, at the same time, with reference to high adsorbability, high light transmission of nanometer fiber and unique optical characteristics of metal nanoparticles, an air purification filter screen with a high sunlight utilization rate and a high catalytic degradation capability is creatively provided.

A method for preparing a porous nano-fiber heterostructure photocatalytic filter screen includes: preparing a noble metal nanostructure with tunable spectra and a heterostructure composite photocatalyst of a photocatalytic material; and preparing a large area and multilayer porous nano-fiber filter screen structure, while utilizing a scattering enhancement effect of metal nanoparticles in an porous optical fiber to realize repeated conduction of sunlight in the optical fiber and finally interact with the composite photocatalyst on a surface to improve photocatalytic efficiency. Preparation of the heterostructure composite photocatalyst with a wide spectral response of and tunable visible to infrared band spectra is realized, at the same time, with reference to high adsorbability, high light transmission of nanometer fiber and unique optical characteristics of metal nanoparticles, an air purification filter screen with a high sunlight utilization rate and a high catalytic degradation capability is creatively provided.

The problem of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying agent for automobiles which is capable of improving the automobile fuel mileage as well as purifying the exhaust gas of the automobiles, and further extending the effective duration of the exhaust gas purifying agent for automobiles by a simple method of spraying the exhaust gas purifying agent for automobiles using only natural ingredients on the air filter.

The problem of the present invention can be solved by using a liquid containing a) tourmaline fine powder, b) porous material fine powder, c) fucoidan extracted from seaweeds, d) amino peptides and/or alginic acids extracted from seaweeds in water as the exhaust as purifying agent for automobiles by spraying on the air filter of automobiles.

The problem of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying agent for automobiles which is capable of improving the automobile fuel mileage as well as purifying the exhaust gas of the automobiles, and further extending the effective duration of the exhaust gas purifying agent for automobiles by a simple method of spraying the exhaust gas purifying agent for automobiles using only natural ingredients on the air filter.

The problem of the present invention can be solved by using a liquid containing a) tourmaline fine powder, b) porous material fine powder, c) fucoidan extracted from seaweeds, d) amino peptides and/or alginic acids extracted from seaweeds in water as the exhaust as purifying agent for automobiles by spraying on the air filter of automobiles.

Disclosed are processes and intermediates for the preparation of compound (X), which is currently being investigated for the treatment of prostate cancer.

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Disclosed are processes and intermediates for the preparation of compound (X), which is currently being investigated for the treatment of prostate cancer.

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A process for producing acetic acid is disclosed in which the methyl iodide concentration is maintained in the vapor product stream formed in a flashing step. The methyl iodide concentration in the vapor product stream ranges from 24 to less than 36 wt. % methyl iodide, based on the weight of the vapor product stream. In addition, the acetaldehyde concentration is maintained within the range from 0.005 to 1 wt. % in the vapor product stream. The vapor product stream is distilled in a first column to obtain an acetic acid product stream comprising acetic acid and up to 300 wppm hydrogen iodide and/or from 0.1 to 6 wt. % methyl iodide and an overhead stream comprising methyl iodide, water and methyl acetate.

A process for producing acetic acid is disclosed in which the methyl iodide concentration is maintained in the vapor product stream formed in a flashing step. The methyl iodide concentration in the vapor product stream ranges from 24 to less than 36 wt. % methyl iodide, based on the weight of the vapor product stream. In addition, the acetaldehyde concentration is maintained within the range from 0.005 to 1 wt. % in the vapor product stream. The vapor product stream is distilled in a first column to obtain an acetic acid product stream comprising acetic acid and up to 300 wppm hydrogen iodide and/or from 0.1 to 6 wt. % methyl iodide and an overhead stream comprising methyl iodide, water and methyl acetate.