Described herein is a catalytic reaction process including introducing one or more gas-phase reactants into a reactor comprising a microporous catalyst having a pore size less than or equal to 2 nm and adjusting the temperature and/or the pressure of the reactor such that one or more of the gas-phase reactants condense within the micropores of the catalyst thereby causing the catalytic reaction to take place in a liquid phase. Additionally, a process for engineering defects on a carboxylate-based metal organic framework (MOF) catalyst is described. The process includes providing a carboxylate-based MOF catalyst; and heating the carboxylate-based MOF catalyst in an inert gas atmosphere at temperatures between about 150° C. and about 900° C.

According to one embodiment, a catalyst system that reduces polymeric fouling may comprise at least one titanate compound, at least one aluminum compound, and at least one antifouling agent or a derivative thereof. The antifouling agent may comprise a structure comprising a central aluminum molecule bound to an R1 group, bound to an R2 group, and bound to an R3 group. One or more of the chemical groups R1, R2, and R3 may be antifouling groups comprising the structure —O((CH.sub.2).sub.nO).sub.mR4, where n is an integer from 1 to 20, m is an integer from 1 to 100, and R4 is a hydrocarbyl group. The chemical groups R1, R2, or R3 that do not comprise the antifouling group, if any, may be hydrocarbyl groups.

The invention relates to oligomerization of olefins, such as ethylene, to higher olefins, such as a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene, using a catalyst system that comprises a) a source of chromium b) one or more activators and c) a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound. Additionally, the invention relates to a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound and a process for making said compound.

A catalyst system comprising i) a 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine transition metal compound complex and ii) an organoaluminum compound. A process comprising contacting i) ethylene, ii) a catalyst system comprising (a) a 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine transition metal compound complex, and (b) an organoaluminum compound, and iii) optionally hydrogen to form an oligomer product.

According to one embodiment, a catalyst system that reduces polymeric fouling may comprise at least one titanate compound, at least one aluminum compound, and at least one antifouling agent or a derivative thereof. The antifouling agent may comprise a structure comprising a central aluminum molecule bound to an R1 group, bound to an R2 group, and bound to an R3 group. One or more of the chemical groups R1, R2, and R3 may be antifouling groups comprising the structure —O((CH.sub.2).sub.nO).sub.mR4, where n is an integer from 1 to 20, m is an integer from 1 to 100, and R4 is a hydrocarbyl group. The chemical groups R1, R2, or R3 that do not comprise the antifouling group, if any, may be hydrocarbyl groups.

The present invention provides a fouling prevention method and a method for olefin oligomerization, wherein in the method for olefin oligomerization, a predetermined anti-fouling agent is added, thereby minimizing the production of sticking byproducts generated during the reaction and fundamentally preventing the fouling of the byproducts, generated during the reaction, on an inner wall of a reactor.

Disclosed are a catalyst system capable of selectively oligomerizing olefins including ethylene and a method for preparing an olefin oligomer by using the same and, specifically, a novel catalyst system capable of trimerizing and tetramerizing olefins, unlike olefin oligomerization catalyst systems that have been reported so far, and a method for preparing an olefin oligomer by using the same. The present invention provides a catalyst system for olefin oligomerization, the catalyst system comprising: a ligand compound represented by chemical formula 1 or 2; a chromium compound; a metal alkyl compound; and an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent.

A copolymer including ethylene units and units of one or more C.sub.3-10 alpha-olefins. The copolymer has a number average molecular weight of less than 5,000 g/mol, as measured by GPC. The ethylene content of the copolymer is less than 80 mol %. At least 70% of molecules of the copolymer have an unsaturated group, and at least 70% of said unsaturated groups are located in a terminal vinylidene group or a tri-substituted isomer of a terminal vinylidene group. The copolymer has a crossover temperature of −20° C. or lower and/or a certain ethylene run length. Also disclosed are a method for making the copolymer and polyolefins plasticized with 1-40 wt % of the copolymer.

The present invention relates to a bisphosphine ligand compound, a chromium compound prepared using same, an ethylene oligomerization catalyst system containing the chromium compound, and an ethylene oligomer preparing method, wherein the bisphosphine ligand compound is suitable for mass production and commercial processes, allows extremely high activity to be compatible with excellent economical benefit, and increases selectivity for ethylene oligomerization reaction, thereby being able to be used to manufacture 1-hexene and/or 1-octene at high yield.

A system and method for producing 1-butene and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), including feeding a catalyst, an antifouling co-catalyst, and ethylene to a reactor, and dimerizing ethylene into 1-butene and polymerizing a relatively small portion of the ethylene into UHMWPE. A product slurry including 1-butene and UHMWPE is discharged from reactor and UHMWPE is removed from the product slurry as a coproduct of the product 1-butene. The coproduct UHMWPE may be a byproduct that is a relatively small amount of the product slurry. The quantity of UHMWPE produced may be small in comparison to the quantity of 1-butene produced.