A spray device for generating a slow moving aerosol, whereby the aerosol is generated from at least two impinging jets and the jets are formed by forcing liquid through a single moulded plastic nozzle assembly comprising: a. one or more thin walled sections (typically <200 μm) (18) where the thin wall sections (18) are supported by one or more thick walled sections (typically >200 μm) (17, 19). b. at least two opposing holes (13) with hydraulic diameters of 5 pm to 100 μm (typically 30 μm) and axes at an angle of between 55 and 125 degrees (preferably 90 degrees) to an external surface of the thin walled section (18), such that the projected areas of the holes (13) at least partially intersect at the outlet side of the nozzle.

A spray device for generating a slow moving aerosol, whereby the aerosol is generated from at least two impinging jets and the jets are formed by forcing liquid through a single moulded plastic nozzle assembly comprising: a. one or more thin walled sections (typically <200 μm) (18) where the thin wall sections (18) are supported by one or more thick walled sections (typically >200 μm) (17, 19). b. at least two opposing holes (13) with hydraulic diameters of 5 pm to 100 μm (typically 30 μm) and axes at an angle of between 55 and 125 degrees (preferably 90 degrees) to an external surface of the thin walled section (18), such that the projected areas of the holes (13) at least partially intersect at the outlet side of the nozzle.

A method of assembling a nozzle assembly is disclosed. The method includes: providing a nozzle member having a central passage defined by at least an inner side surface and an inner distal surface; inserting a fluid atomizer into the central passage of the nozzle member; and, with a distal surface of the fluid atomizer arranged adjacent the inner distal surface of the nozzle member, flexing legs of the fluid atomizer in a radially-outward direction for engaging each leg of the legs with the inner side surface of the nozzle member. A fluid atomizer is also disclosed. A nozzle assembly is also disclosed. A method of utilizing a nozzle assembly is also disclosed.

A method of assembling a nozzle assembly is disclosed. The method includes: providing a nozzle member having a central passage defined by at least an inner side surface and an inner distal surface; inserting a fluid atomizer into the central passage of the nozzle member; and, with a distal surface of the fluid atomizer arranged adjacent the inner distal surface of the nozzle member, flexing legs of the fluid atomizer in a radially-outward direction for engaging each leg of the legs with the inner side surface of the nozzle member. A fluid atomizer is also disclosed. A nozzle assembly is also disclosed. A method of utilizing a nozzle assembly is also disclosed.

A fluid atomizer is provided, and the fluid atomizer is used to atomize the fluid into a spray of droplets, and transform the fluid into spray dispersion in the form of intertwined inner conical film and outer conical film layer by atomizing the fluid. The fluid atomizer includes a plurality of inlet channels, at least one swirl chamber, at least one contracting channel, at least one flow passage channel, at least one internal outlet channel, at least one external outlet channel, and at least one channel holder.

Problem: To provide a spout apparatus in which sagging of the mesh structure portion in the flow-conditioning member due to water pressure can be suppressed even if the flow-conditioning member is formed by a fine diameter mesh structure, and the flow-conditioning member can be compactly constituted and flow velocity distribution made uniform. Solution Means: The embodiment of the invention is a spout apparatus 2, including a spout apparatus main unit 6, a flow-conditioning member 12, and a spray member 16; wherein the flow-conditioning member 12 is formed by a mesh structure in which numerous fine holes are formed, and the mesh structure is layered and formed three dimensionally, such that the mesh structure portion of at least a portion of the mesh structure extends in a direction parallel to the direction of water flowing into the flow-conditioning member.

Problem: To provide a spout apparatus in which sagging of the mesh structure portion in the flow-conditioning member due to water pressure can be suppressed even if the flow-conditioning member is formed by a fine diameter mesh structure, and the flow-conditioning member can be compactly constituted and flow velocity distribution made uniform. Solution Means: The embodiment of the invention is a spout apparatus 2, including a spout apparatus main unit 6, a flow-conditioning member 12, and a spray member 16; wherein the flow-conditioning member 12 is formed by a mesh structure in which numerous fine holes are formed, and the mesh structure is layered and formed three dimensionally, such that the mesh structure portion of at least a portion of the mesh structure extends in a direction parallel to the direction of water flowing into the flow-conditioning member.

A plasma spraying apparatus includes a main torch and an auxiliary torch. The main torch includes a first electrode including a spraying material discharge hole, a first mantle, and a first insulator including a first plasma gas introducing port. The auxiliary torch includes a second electrode, a second mantle, and a second insulator including a second plasma gas introducing port. A spraying material supplied from the spraying material discharge hole is melted at the axial center of plasma that is formed on the central axis of the first electrode by the first electrode and the second electrode, and a gas introducing part that introduces gas is provided on an inlet side of an opening part and/or in a tapered part provided between the opening part and the first insulator in the first mantle.

A plasma spraying apparatus includes a main torch and an auxiliary torch. The main torch includes a first electrode including a spraying material discharge hole, a first mantle, and a first insulator including a first plasma gas introducing port. The auxiliary torch includes a second electrode, a second mantle, and a second insulator including a second plasma gas introducing port. A spraying material supplied from the spraying material discharge hole is melted at the axial center of plasma that is formed on the central axis of the first electrode by the first electrode and the second electrode, and a gas introducing part that introduces gas is provided on an inlet side of an opening part and/or in a tapered part provided between the opening part and the first insulator in the first mantle.

An injector includes a nozzle body extending along a longitudinal axis and at least one spray hole extending through a portion of the nozzle body to output a fluid from the injector. The spray hole includes at least one groove. The groove is configured to facilitate efficient mixing of the fluid with air or other surrounding materials for enhanced performance of the injector and/or other components associated with the injector.