The present invention relates to a membrane comprising a flat, flexible substrate having a plurality of openings and having a porous inorganic coating situated on and in said substrate, the material of the substrate being selected from woven or non-woven, electrically non-conductive fibers, characterized in that the substrate comprises polyaramide fibers that are pure or connected to fibers of the further polymer or at least of one of these further polymers, wherein the fibers of at least one of said further polymers comprise a melting point that is lower than the decomposition point of the polyaramide fibers.

A thick film paste comprising at least one particulate platinum (alloy), at least one metal compound, and an organic vehicle, wherein the at least one metal compound is selected from the group consisting of in each case particulate NiO, SiO.sub.2, RuO.sub.2, Rh.sub.2O.sub.3, IrO.sub.2, Cu.sub.2O, CuO, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, PbO, SnO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, MnO.sub.2 and MoO.sub.2, and metal compounds capable of forming a metal oxide on firing, the metal oxide being selected from the group consisting of NiO, SiO.sub.2, RuO.sub.2, Rh.sub.2O.sub.3, IrO.sub.2, Cu.sub.2O, CuO, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, PbO, SnO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, MnO.sub.2 and MoO.sub.2.

A thick film paste comprising at least one particulate platinum (alloy), at least one metal compound, and an organic vehicle, wherein the at least one metal compound is selected from the group consisting of in each case particulate NiO, SiO.sub.2, RuO.sub.2, Rh.sub.2O.sub.3, IrO.sub.2, Cu.sub.2O, CuO, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, PbO, SnO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, MnO.sub.2 and MoO.sub.2, and metal compounds capable of forming a metal oxide on firing, the metal oxide being selected from the group consisting of NiO, SiO.sub.2, RuO.sub.2, Rh.sub.2O.sub.3, IrO.sub.2, Cu.sub.2O, CuO, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, PbO, SnO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, MnO.sub.2 and MoO.sub.2.

Provided are a metal foil, a metal foil manufacturing method and a method for manufacturing an electrode using the same, in which the adhesion between the metal foil and a conductive resin layer and the coating performance of the conductive resin layer can be improved by treating the surface of the metal foil. The metal foil comprises: a metal base substrate; a surface treatment layer formed on at least one surface of the metal base substrate by treating the surface of the metal base substrate; and a conductive resin layer applied to the surface of the surface treatment layer, wherein the surface treatment layer has a surface energy of 34-46 dyne/cm.

A problem is to provide a method and a device for producing a conductive polymer conductor according to which a conductive polymer cm be easily adhered to a base material with high accuracy. A solution is a production device 10 equipped with a heating means 11 for heating a base material 22, a raw material application means 12 for applying, to the base material 22, a raw material solution containing a monomer of the conductive polymer, and a producing solution application means 13 for applying, to the base material 22, a producing solution containing an oxidizing agent for promoting polymerization of the monomer, a dopant for developing electrical conductivity in the conductive polymer, and a viscosity improver for improving viscosity. The raw material solution is applied thereto after heating the base material 22 or while heating the base material 22, and then the producing solution is applied thereto.

The present invention provides an adhesive film hardly suffering from fisheyes and deposition of dirt and dusts thereonto and having excellent mechanical strength and heat resistance as well as good adhesion properties, which can be suitably used as various surface protective films, etc. The present invention relates to an adhesive film comprising a polyester film and an adhesive layer formed on at least one surface of the polyester film, in which the adhesive layer comprises a resin having a glass transition point of not higher than 0° C., and an antistatic agent, and a thickness of the adhesive layer is not more than 10 μm.

Compositions useful for improving the adhesion of coating compositions, such as dielectric film-forming compositions, include a hydrolyzed poly(alkoxysilane). These compositions are useful in methods of improving the adhesion of coating compositions to a substrate.

An optical device including a shaped electrode on a substrate thereof utilizes total internal reflection to provide improved transmission of electromagnetic radiation (‘light’) to the substrate compared to standard electrode designs that involve flat electrode surfaces. Redirection of incident light by a tilted or otherwise shaped contact or material added on the contact provides otherwise reflected light to an open surface region of the substrate. Optional plasmon mediated focusing of incident p-polarized light may be realized.

Provided is a dual coating method for an electrode, which coats the electrode of a battery. The dual coating method for an electrode includes transferring the electrode, coating the transferred electrode with a first coating solution, and coating the primarily-coated electrode with a second coating solution different from the first coating solution.

Provided is a dual coating method for an electrode, which coats the electrode of a battery. The dual coating method for an electrode includes transferring the electrode, coating the transferred electrode with a first coating solution, and coating the primarily-coated electrode with a second coating solution different from the first coating solution.