A device for measuring the temperature of a bath of metal contains a sleeve and an optical head. The sleeve and optical head may be joined together or taken apart by rotation with respect to each other. The sleeve is made at least partially of a refractory material. A method for measuring the temperature of a bath of molten metal makes use of the inventive device. By virtue of this device, mounting and removal is rendered easier while keeping the measuring zone centered and decreasing measurement disturbances caused by the emission of gas from the sleeve.

A method of casting a metal alloy ingot, including the following steps: providing a one side open-ended mould including a plurality of sides and a bottom plate defining a mould cavity with a mould opening, the open-ended mould being pivotable around a horizontal rotational axis between a position so that the mould opening points upwards and a position so that the mould opening points side-wards or down-wards; positioning the open-ended mould such that the mould opening points side-wards or down-wards; providing a casting container with an upwardly positioned aperture; filling the casting container with molten metal for one casting operation; coupling the casting container to the open-ended mould so that the casting container is located below the mould while the mould opening points side-wards or down-wards; rotating the open-ended mould together with the casting container around the horizontal rotational axis for approximately 90 to 180 from a position whereby the mould opening points side-wards or down-wards to a position whereby the mould opening points upwards such that the molten metal is conveyed through the mould opening into the open-ended mould until reaching a desired thickness, whereby the molten metal in the open-ended mould is cooled directionally through its thickness where the solidification front remains substantially monoaxial.

A method of analyzing a phase transformation process of a material comprises providing a spherical sample of the material, measuring and recording a first data series of core temperature at the sample's center of gravity, measuring and recording a respective second data series of temperature at the sample's periphery, measuring and recording a respective third data series of radial displacements at the sample's periphery, and calculating a change in pressure in the sample at a plurality of points in time based on first, second and third said data series.

A casting mold (260) comprises a shell (262) extending from a lower end (264) to an upper end (266) and having: an interior space (280) for casting metal; and an opening (268) for receiving metal to be cast. A plurality of thermocouples (900) are vertically-spaced from each other on the shell.

A casting mold (260) comprises a shell (262) extending from a lower end (264) to an upper end (266) and having: an interior space (280) for casting metal; and an opening (268) for receiving metal to be cast. A plurality of thermocouples (900) are vertically-spaced from each other on the shell.

A casting mold including a copper plate and a plurality of optical fibers, having a plurality of temperature measuring points for the copper plate while casting. Molten metal is cast into the mold along an axis of, the optical fibers built-in the plate. A method for detecting temperature distribution of a molten metal in a casting mold having at least one copper plate, including determining by calculation or measurement an ideal molten flow of the metal, building-in a plurality of optical fibers into the copper plate based on flow, arranging the optical fibers inside at least the upper part of the copper plate, receiving the measurements of temperatures, and comparing the measurements of temperatures with a calculated/measured distribution of an ideal molten flow.

The invention relates to an immersion device and a method for detecting a position of an optical cored wire using an immersion device. An immersion device for measuring a temperature of a metal melt inside an electric arc furnace vessel with an optical cored wire comprises a blowing lance for blowing purge gas into an entry point to the vessel and a detecting means for detecting a position of the optical cored wire. The optical cored wire can be moved in a feeding channel and/or in the blowing lance relative to the entry point. The detecting means is configured to detect the presence of the optical cored wire in or close to the blowing lance. This enables short distances between the leading end of the fiber and the melt and, thus, short time intervals between temperature measurement sequences.

A method for feeding a cored wire into molten metal contained in a vessel comprises positioning the cored wire at a first position wherein a leading tip of the cored wire is proximate an entry point of the vessel, the entry point being above a surface of the molten metal, the cored wire comprising an optical fiber and a cover laterally surrounding the optical fiber; feeding the cored wire at a first speed for a first duration from the first position to a second position wherein the leading tip of the cored wire is immersed within the molten metal and lies within a measuring plane, such that a leading tip of the optical fiber projects from the cover and is exposed to the molten metal; and subsequently feeding the cored wire at a second speed for a second duration to take a first measurement of the molten metal.

A drop-in probe for determining phase changes by thermal analysis of a sample of a molten metal includes a measurement head having a first end which is an immersion end and an opposing second end having an end face. A sample chamber is arranged within the measurement head. An opening, which is free of any restrictions and which is in communication with the sample chamber, is formed in the end face of the second end of the measurement head. The sample chamber includes a first thermocouple having a first thermocouple junction enclosed within a wall which has a uniform internal geometry. A ratio D/H of an internal diameter D of the sample chamber to a length H extending between the opening and the first thermocouple junction is between 0.1 and 1.2.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a mold for continuous casting including a temperature detection unit which can detect the temperature of a copper plate of the mold with high precision, and can be easily inserted into and pulled out of the copper plate. The present invention includes: a main body; and a temperature detection unit which is inserted in an insertion hole in the main body, and detects temperature inside the mold. The temperature detection unit includes: an FBG sensor inserted in a protection tube which can be deformed in a radial direction; and a support member which supports the FBG sensor along the longitudinal direction. At a temperature detection point, the protection tube in which the FBG sensor is inserted is held between a stretched member in the support member and an inner surface of the insertion hole.