An exemplary embodiment relates to a fireproof ceramic bottom in the connection region to at least one wall of a vessel for handling high-temperature melts.

An exemplary embodiment relates to a fireproof ceramic bottom in the connection region to at least one wall of a vessel for handling high-temperature melts.

An exemplary embodiment relates to a fireproof ceramic bottom in the connection region to at least one wall of a vessel for handling high-temperature melts.

In a device for fastening a perforated block to a metal melt container, the perforated block can be fastened by at least one clamping wedge which can be inserted transversely with respect to its through opening and which has a clamping jaw coupled thereto, wherein this clamping jaw acts on a clamping surface formed on the circumferential surface of the perforated block. The respective clamping wedge is guided in a carrier plate so as to be displaceable in its longitudinal extent or extension and transversely with respect thereto, while the clamping jaw coupled thereto can be moved in this transverse direction. Consequently, the perforated block can be fastened with precise positioning in the carrier plate in a simple manner.

In a device for fastening a perforated block to a metal melt container, the perforated block can be fastened by at least one clamping wedge which can be inserted transversely with respect to its through opening and which has a clamping jaw coupled thereto, wherein this clamping jaw acts on a clamping surface formed on the circumferential surface of the perforated block. The respective clamping wedge is guided in a carrier plate so as to be displaceable in its longitudinal extent or extension and transversely with respect thereto, while the clamping jaw coupled thereto can be moved in this transverse direction. Consequently, the perforated block can be fastened with precise positioning in the carrier plate in a simple manner.

The invention relates to systems for transferring molten metal from one structure to another. Aspects of the invention include a transfer chamber constructed inside of or next to a vessel used to retain molten metal. The transfer chamber is in fluid communication with the vessel so molten metal from the vessel can enter the transfer chamber. A powered device, which may be inside of the transfer chamber, moves molten metal upward and out of the transfer chamber and preferably into a structure outside of the vessel, such as another vessel or a launder.

Provided are a molten steel treatment apparatus and a molten steel treatment method capable of quickly measuring an inclusion adhesion state inside a nozzle during an operation. The molten steel treatment apparatus includes a container, a nozzle equipped in a molten steel tap hole of the container, a liner disposed on a portion of an inner circumferential surface of the nozzle and formed of an ion-conductive material, a power supply for applying electric power to the molten steel and the liner, and a measuring unit for measuring a voltage value or a current value between the molten steel and the liner. The molten steel treatment method includes measuring a voltage value or current value between the molten steel and the liner; and determining a thickness of an inclusion adhering to an interface between the molten steel and the liner by using the voltage value or the current value.

A lining for a metallurgical vessel is configured to have an engineered porosity. The lining contains a plurality of regions, each extending in a primary plane of the lining, each region having a differing value of total pore or perforation area as measured in a primary plane of the lining. The lining may be used to form part or all of the working surface of the floors or walls of the vessel. In casting use the lining produces an oxidation buffering layer at an interphase of metal melt extending from the interface between metal melt and the walls and floor of the metallurgical vessel, such that when in casting use, the metal flow rate in said oxidation buffering layer is substantially nil, and the concentration of endogenous inclusions, in particular oxides, in said oxidation buffering layer is substantially higher than in the bulk of the metal melt.

A lining for a metallurgical vessel is configured to have an engineered porosity. The lining contains a plurality of regions, each extending in a primary plane of the lining, each region having a differing value of total pore or perforation area as measured in a primary plane of the lining. The lining may be used to form part or all of the working surface of the floors or walls of the vessel. In casting use the lining produces an oxidation buffering layer at an interphase of metal melt extending from the interface between metal melt and the walls and floor of the metallurgical vessel, such that when in casting use, the metal flow rate in said oxidation buffering layer is substantially nil, and the concentration of endogenous inclusions, in particular oxides, in said oxidation buffering layer is substantially higher than in the bulk of the metal melt.

The invention relates to a continuous casting nozzle assembly (10) for casting, in particular for upward vertical casting, of a metallic, in particular a non-ferrous, pipe, which is suitable for uninterrupted casting, which nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle (11), a mandrel (12) and a cooler (15). Surface roughness of at least part, in particular of the dwindling area (Z), of inner surface of the nozzle (11) of the nozzle assembly (10) is 1-8.0 Ra, advantageously 3-5 Ra.