A rotary indexing machine comprises at least one indexing plate, which is in at least one operating state configured to accommodate and transport at least one work piece, and with at least one clocking cell comprising at least one accommodating unit with at least two opposite-situated accommodating elements, which are configured for together accommodating the at least one work piece from the indexing plate, and comprising at least one machining unit for machining the work piece accommodated by the accommodating unit, wherein the at least one clocking cell comprises at least one bridge unit, which extends at least partially over the indexing plate in an axial direction and is configured to guide the at least two accommodating elements of the accommodating unit in a shared coordinate system.

Components of articles that include an optical element that imparts structural color to the component are provided. Methods of making the components including the optical element, and methods of using the components such as to make an article of manufacture are provided.

One or more aspects of the present disclosure are directed to bladders that incorporate a multi-layer optical film that impart a structural color to the bladder. The present disclosure is also directed to articles including the bladders having a multi-layer optical film, and methods for making articles and bladders having a multi-layer optical film.

As described above, one or more aspects of the present disclosure provide articles having structural color, and methods of making articles having structural color. The articles incorporate a primer layer having a percent transmittance of about 40% or less in conjunction with an optical element. The optical element and primer layer impart a structural color to the article.

One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide optical element transfer structures that include an optical element releasably coupled with a transfer medium and methods of making and using the optical element transfer structures. The optical element transfer structures can be used to dispose an optical element onto an article, whereby the optical element imparts a structural color to the article.

A machine tool includes a tool main spindle device to execute machining of a first system in a first workpiece main spindle device for rotationally holding a workpiece and machining of a second system in a second workpiece main spindle device for rotationally holding the workpiece by an exchangeable main spindle head tool. Drive control of each device is performed by a control device, the control device including a tool management processing section to calculate a total usage time of the main spindle head tool based on the machining of the first system or the machining of the second system executed in the tool main spindle device, to store the calculated total usage time as first tool management data or second tool management data, and to rewrite the same total usage time in the other of the second tool management data or the first tool management data.

A machine tool includes a tool main spindle device to execute machining of a first system in a first workpiece main spindle device for rotationally holding a workpiece and machining of a second system in a second workpiece main spindle device for rotationally holding the workpiece by an exchangeable main spindle head tool. Drive control of each device is performed by a control device, the control device including a tool management processing section to calculate a total usage time of the main spindle head tool based on the machining of the first system or the machining of the second system executed in the tool main spindle device, to store the calculated total usage time as first tool management data or second tool management data, and to rewrite the same total usage time in the other of the second tool management data or the first tool management data.

A machine tool includes a spindle, a spindle X-axis moving mechanism for moving the spindle in an X-axis direction, a tool rest equipped with a cutting tool for machining a workpiece, and a tool rest X-axis moving mechanism for moving the tool rest in the X-axis direction, wherein the tool rest is provided with a swivel mechanism for causing swiveling the cutting tool. The machine tool further includes a calculating means for calculating a moving distance of the cutting tool in the X-axis direction when the cutting tool has swiveled by a desired swivel angle, and a control means for controlling the operation of the spindle X-axis moving mechanism such that the spindle is moved in the X-axis direction to follow the cutting tool in accordance with the moving distance.

A machine tool includes a spindle, a spindle X-axis moving mechanism for moving the spindle in an X-axis direction, a tool rest equipped with a cutting tool for machining a workpiece, and a tool rest X-axis moving mechanism for moving the tool rest in the X-axis direction, wherein the tool rest is provided with a swivel mechanism for causing swiveling the cutting tool. The machine tool further includes a calculating means for calculating a moving distance of the cutting tool in the X-axis direction when the cutting tool has swiveled by a desired swivel angle, and a control means for controlling the operation of the spindle X-axis moving mechanism such that the spindle is moved in the X-axis direction to follow the cutting tool in accordance with the moving distance.

One or more aspects of the present disclosure are directed to components having an optical element that imparts structural color to the component or article. The present disclosure is also directed to articles of manufacture including the component having an optical element, and methods for making components and articles having an optical element that imparts structural color.