A gradient wettability tool and a fabrication process thereof are disclosed, the gradient wettability tool comprising a tool body and a lyophobic layer arranged on a surface of the tool body. A lyophilic micro-texture is arranged on a part of a surface of the lyophobic layer, and comprises main trapezoid grooves, a wide end of which is arranged in a tool-chip interface of the tool with a distance of 1 to 200 m from a midpoint of the wide end of the groove to a cutting edge of the tool, and inward-radiated trapezoid microgrooves, a wide end of which is arranged to be connected to a narrow end of the main trapezoid groove. The gradient wettability tool allows directional transport of a cutting fluid and reduction of friction forces at tool-workpiece and tool-chip interfaces, and thus provides wear reduction.

Provided is an external cooling texture turning tool component and a turning process system for coupling nanofluid minimum quantity lubricant with a micro-texture tool. The external cooling texture turning tool component comprises an external cooling turning tool handle and an external cooling turning tool blade; the external cooling turning tool blade is arranged at one end of the external cooling turning tool handle serving as a bearing device; an external cooling turning tool pad is arranged between the external cooling turning tool blade and a structure of the external cooling turning tool handle bearing the blade; an external cooling turning tool pressing plate part is further arranged on the external cooling turning tool handle; the external cooling turning tool blade is tightly pressed on the external cooling turning tool handle by the external cooling turning tool pressing plate part.

Provided is an external cooling texture turning tool component and a turning process system for coupling nanofluid minimum quantity lubricant with a micro-texture tool. The external cooling texture turning tool component comprises an external cooling turning tool handle and an external cooling turning tool blade; the external cooling turning tool blade is arranged at one end of the external cooling turning tool handle serving as a bearing device; an external cooling turning tool pad is arranged between the external cooling turning tool blade and a structure of the external cooling turning tool handle bearing the blade; an external cooling turning tool pressing plate part is further arranged on the external cooling turning tool handle; the external cooling turning tool blade is tightly pressed on the external cooling turning tool handle by the external cooling turning tool pressing plate part.

A cutting tool may include a holder and a cutting insert. The cutting insert may include a ridge including a corner and a first side. The holder may include a first flow path extending along a first central axis, and a second flow path extending along a second central axis. A line obtained by extending the first central axis may be a first imaginary line, and a line obtained by extending the second central axis may be a second imaginary line, each of the first imaginary line and the second imaginary line is inclined downward. An intersection of the first imaginary line and the second imaginary line is located outside of the cutting insert in a plan view. The first imaginary line intersects with the ridge and the second imaginary line intersects with the first side at a side closer to the second end than the first imaginary line.

A cutting tool may include a holder and a cutting insert. The cutting insert may include a ridge including a corner and a first side. The holder may include a first flow path extending along a first central axis, and a second flow path extending along a second central axis. A line obtained by extending the first central axis may be a first imaginary line, and a line obtained by extending the second central axis may be a second imaginary line, each of the first imaginary line and the second imaginary line is inclined downward. An intersection of the first imaginary line and the second imaginary line is located outside of the cutting insert in a plan view. The first imaginary line intersects with the ridge and the second imaginary line intersects with the first side at a side closer to the second end than the first imaginary line.

A cutting insert (112) comprising a top surface (118), a bottom surface (120), and side surfaces (122) spanning there-between, said side surfaces (122) comprising one or more feed-facing side surfaces (122a) and one or more radial-facing side surfaces (122b). The top surface (118) is formed with one or more linear grooves, each constituting a chip breaker (125) and being disposed parallel to and adjacent one of said feed-facing side surfaces (122a). The chip breaker (125) is characterised by a constant profile along the entire length of its respective feed-facing surface (122a). Each of said feed-facing side surfaces (122a) is disposed at an acute feed-angle ( feed) with respect to the top surface (118), and each of said radial-facing side surfaces (122b) being disposed at an acute radial-angle ( radial) with respect to the top surface (118), the feed-angle ( feed) being greater than said radial-angle ( radial).

A cutting insert (112) comprising a top surface (118), a bottom surface (120), and side surfaces (122) spanning there-between, said side surfaces (122) comprising one or more feed-facing side surfaces (122a) and one or more radial-facing side surfaces (122b). The top surface (118) is formed with one or more linear grooves, each constituting a chip breaker (125) and being disposed parallel to and adjacent one of said feed-facing side surfaces (122a). The chip breaker (125) is characterised by a constant profile along the entire length of its respective feed-facing surface (122a). Each of said feed-facing side surfaces (122a) is disposed at an acute feed-angle ( feed) with respect to the top surface (118), and each of said radial-facing side surfaces (122b) being disposed at an acute radial-angle ( radial) with respect to the top surface (118), the feed-angle ( feed) being greater than said radial-angle ( radial).

A cutting insert is provided, comprising a top surface, a bottom surface, a plurality of side surfaces spanning therebetween, and a cutting edge formed at an intersection of the side surface and a forwardly-disposed portion of the top the surface. It further comprises a cooling cavity projecting into the insert, a top end thereof being disposed further forwardly than an open bottom end thereof. The cooling cavity defines at least one molding axis such that a solid element having the shape of the cooling cavity and completely inserted therein may be retracted intact therefrom along a linear path parallel to the molding axis. A circumscribing portion is formed on the side surfaces encircling the cutting insert. The circumscribing portion is formed parallel to the molding axis and has a non-zero height along its entire extent. The cutting insert does not extend beyond the circumscribing portion.

A cutting insert is provided, comprising a top surface, a bottom surface, a plurality of side surfaces spanning therebetween, and a cutting edge formed at an intersection of the side surface and a forwardly-disposed portion of the top the surface. It further comprises a cooling cavity projecting into the insert, a top end thereof being disposed further forwardly than an open bottom end thereof. The cooling cavity defines at least one molding axis such that a solid element having the shape of the cooling cavity and completely inserted therein may be retracted intact therefrom along a linear path parallel to the molding axis. A circumscribing portion is formed on the side surfaces encircling the cutting insert. The circumscribing portion is formed parallel to the molding axis and has a non-zero height along its entire extent. The cutting insert does not extend beyond the circumscribing portion.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool that requires the smaller number of parts and can be manufactured at a lower cost. A cutting tool includes: a tool body extending along a central axis and rotatable around the central axis; a cutting insert to be mounted on an insert mounting seat of the tool body; and at least one flow passage provided inside the tool body, the at least one flow passage extending from a back end side toward a front end side of the tool body so as to supply a coolant toward at least a part of the inside of the tool body, a back end side of the at least one flow passage being open at a portion sealed by the tool body and the holding member when the holding member is coupled.