A heterogeneous composite consisting of near-nano ceramic clusters dispersed within a ductile matrix. The composite is formed through the high temperature compaction of a starting powder consisting of a core of ceramic nanoparticles held together with metallic binder. This core is clad with a ductile metal such that when the final powder is consolidated, the ductile metal forms a tough, near-zero contiguity matrix. The material is consolidated using any means that will maintain its heterogeneous structure.

An electrical machining method comprises machining a workpiece by an electrical machining device comprising an electrode; increasing a feedrate of the electrode at a first acceleration if a discharge current passing through the electrode and the workpiece is lower than a discharge current reference; and decreasing the feedrate of the electrode at a second acceleration if the discharge current is higher than the discharge current reference, wherein the second acceleration has an absolute value higher than that of the first acceleration.

An electrical machining method comprises machining a workpiece by an electrical machining device comprising an electrode; increasing a feedrate of the electrode at a first acceleration if a discharge current passing through the electrode and the workpiece is lower than a discharge current reference; and decreasing the feedrate of the electrode at a second acceleration if the discharge current is higher than the discharge current reference, wherein the second acceleration has an absolute value higher than that of the first acceleration.

The invention relates to a grinding and/or erosion machine (10), as well as to a method for gauging and referencing the axis arrangement (11) comprising several machine axes (12), wherein each can be configured as a rotational or translational machine axis. To do so, a measuring disk (28) is inserted in a tool spindle (13) and a test mandrel (27) is inserted in a workpiece holding device (14). The test mandrel (27) is electrically connected to a reference potential, preferably ground (M). The measuring disk (28) is electrically connected to a supply voltage potential (UV). By forming a contact between the measuring disk (28) and the test mandrel (27), a measuring current (IM) flows between the supply voltage potential (UV) and the reference potential and, in accordance with the example, from the supply voltage potential (UV) to ground (M). The flow of this measuring current (IM) may be detected in a monitoring device (31), and the actual position of the machine axes (12) at the time of the start of the current flow of the measuring current (IM) can be determined. Via the axis arrangement (11), one or more contact locations (K) between the measuring disk (28) and the test mandrel (27) can be approached, and, as a result of this, referencing or gauging of the axis arrangement (11) and the machine, respectively, can take place.

A method of manufacturing a punch, such as a socket punch, using wire EDM with at least six steps. The method involves forming a blank, holding the blank with an adapter, machining grooves in the blank, manufacturing a side relief of a working portion using wire EDM, milling the working portion to a final size, and forming a cone point on the end of the working portion. The method allows the punch to be manufactured more quickly and from a CAD model, therefore removing the need for over-specialized equipment and improving manufacturing times.

A method of manufacturing a punch, such as a socket punch, using wire EDM with at least six steps. The method involves forming a blank, holding the blank with an adapter, machining grooves in the blank, manufacturing a side relief of a working portion using wire EDM, milling the working portion to a final size, and forming a cone point on the end of the working portion. The method allows the punch to be manufactured more quickly and from a CAD model, therefore removing the need for over-specialized equipment and improving manufacturing times.

Provided is a method of manufacturing a zinc-nickel alloy electroplated steel sheet. The method includes operations of: temper rolling a base steel sheet; immersing the temper-rolled base steel sheet in a sulfuric acid bath including nickel sulfate hydrate and zinc sulfate hydrate to form a zinc-nickel plating layer on the base steel sheet; and polishing the zinc-nickel plating layer and processing a hairline pattern.

Provided is a method of manufacturing a zinc-nickel alloy electroplated steel sheet. The method includes operations of: temper rolling a base steel sheet; immersing the temper-rolled base steel sheet in a sulfuric acid bath including nickel sulfate hydrate and zinc sulfate hydrate to form a zinc-nickel plating layer on the base steel sheet; and polishing the zinc-nickel plating layer and processing a hairline pattern.

A method of manufacturing a punch, such as a socket punch, using wire EDM with at least six steps. The method involves forming a blank, holding the blank with an adapter, machining grooves in the blank, manufacturing a side relief of a working portion using wire EDM, milling the working portion to a final size, and forming a cone point on the end of the working portion. The method allows the punch to be manufactured more quickly and from a CAD model, therefore removing the need for over-specialized equipment and improving manufacturing times.

A method of manufacturing a punch, such as a socket punch, using wire EDM with at least six steps. The method involves forming a blank, holding the blank with an adapter, machining grooves in the blank, manufacturing a side relief of a working portion using wire EDM, milling the working portion to a final size, and forming a cone point on the end of the working portion. The method allows the punch to be manufactured more quickly and from a CAD model, therefore removing the need for over-specialized equipment and improving manufacturing times.