A resistance spot welding method is disclosed for joining two or more steel sheets including at least one steel sheet having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or higher. The resistance spot welding method involves placing the steel sheets on top of each other to form a set of steel sheets to be welded, clamping the set of steel sheets with a pair of electrodes, and passing a current through the steel sheets while applying pressure thereto to join the steel sheets together. The resistance spot welding method includes an initial welding step of welding by passing a current I1 (kA) satisfying 2×√F1<I1≤10×√F1 while applying a welding force F1 (kN) satisfying 0.2×√t1<F1≤4×√t1, and a main welding step of forming a nugget having a predetermined nugget diameter. Spatter is produced in the initial welding step.

The present invention relates to an air conditioner. The air conditioner according to the present embodiment has a refrigeration capacity of 7 kW to 11 kW, inclusive, and uses a refrigerant R32 as a refrigerant, and since a refrigerant pipe therein is made of a ductile stainless steel material having 1% or less of a delta-ferrite matrix structure with respect to the grain size area thereof, and includes a suction pipe guiding the suction of the refrigerant into a compressor and having an outer diameter of 15.88 mm, the refrigerant pipe can maintain strength and hardness as good as or better than those of a copper pipe, while also maintaining good processability.

This disclosure relates to weldability of steel alloys that provide weld joints which retain hardness values in a heat affected zone adjacent to a fusion zone and which also have improved resistance to liquid metal embrittlement due to the presence of zinc coatings.

A fixture assembly for supporting a plurality of blanks during a welding operation. The fixture assembly includes a frame. A plurality of electromagnets are positioned on the frame for supporting the blanks and for drawing the blanks toward the electromagnets to secure the blanks into a desired position. A plurality of intensifiers are moveably connected to the frame for selectively overlying the top face of one of the electromagnets for clamping the blank against the electromagnet to intensify a magnetic force provided by the electromagnet. A plurality of electromagnet adjusters are each coupled with the frame and with at least one of the electromagnets for moving the electromagnets relative to the frame. A plurality of adjusting pins are each connected to the frame and moveable relative to the frame for adjusting a position of the blanks.

Method for welding two stainless steel sheets of thickness (e) 0.10 to 6.0 mm and having a particular composition having: a first welding step lasting a time (t) in ms: 0.10 to 0.50 mm, t=(40×e+36)±10%; 0.51 to 1.50 mm: t=(124×e 13)±10%; 1.51 to 6.0 mm: t=(12×e+47)±10%; with clamping force (F) in daN: 0.10 to 1.50 mm: F=(250×e+90)±10%; 1.51 mm to 6.0 mm: F=(180×e+150)±10%; appling a current between the welding electrodes, of intensity between 80 and 100% the maximum permissible intensity corresponding to expulsion of molten metal; a second step with an intensity between zero and 1 kA; and a third step with an intensity of 3.5 kA to 4.5 kA, for a time of at least 755 ms.

A manufacturing method is provided during which a plurality of first apertures are formed in a first plate to provide an apertured first plate. A plurality of second apertures are formed in a second plate to provide an apertured second plate. The apertured first plate and the apertured second plate are bonded to a base sheet to form a structure. The base sheet is bent to form a bend in the structure between the apertured first plate and the apertured second plate.

A decoating method for the edge decoating of glass sheets, the glass sheets having at least on one of their two glass surfaces a protective coating in the form of a peel-off protective film or in the form of a polymer protective layer that cannot be peeled off, and preferably having a functional coating situated under the protective coating, the protective film being partially mechanically removed, in particular ground away, for the edge decoating, in the form of at least one film strip, laser traces being introduced into the protective film before the mechanical removal of the film strip, and the laser traces being introduced in such a way that the film strip is removed in the form of individual film strip partial pieces separated from one another by the laser traces; or the polymer protective layer being removed using laser radiation.

A component loading-welding system for welding a component panel to a vehicle body panel includes a rotation portion body having first and second opposing sides. The first opposing side is coupled to a robot arm. A picking device is installed in the rotation portion body and is configured to hold and release the component panel. A vehicle body pressurizing tip is installed in the rotation portion body. A pressurizing portion body is rotatably installed at the second opposing side of the rotation portion body. A pin clamp is installed in the pressurizing portion body and is configured to clamp the component panel. A component pressurizing tip is installed in the pressurizing portion body and is configured to apply pressure to the component panel. A multi point projection welding method is also disclosed.

A method of fiber laser processing of thin film deposited on a substrate includes providing a laser beam from at least one fiber laser which is guided through a beam-shaping unit onto the thin film. The beam-shaping optics is configured to shape the laser beam into a line beam which irradiates a first irradiated thin film area Ab on a surface of the thin film, with the irradiated thin film area Ab being a fraction of the thin film area Af. By continuously displacing the beam shaping optics and the film relative to one another in a first direction at a distance dy between sequential irradiations, a sequence of uniform irradiated thin film areas Ab are formed on the film surface defining thus a first elongated column. Thereafter the beam shaped optics and film are displaced relative to one another at a distance dx in a second direction transverse to the first direction with the distance dx being smaller than a length of the irradiated film area Ab. With the steps performed to form respective columns, the elongated columns overlap one another covering the desired thin film area Af. The dx and dy distances are so selected that that each location of the film area Af is exposed to the shaped laser beam during a cumulative predetermined duration.

A joint body includes first and second metal members and a joint portion including a welded portion where the first and second metal members are joined together, the welded portion having a line shape. The joint portion includes first and second longitudinal portions and a plurality of connecting portions. The first longitudinal portion has first intersecting portions arranged in a first direction and extends in the first direction. The second longitudinal portion has second intersecting portions arranged in the first direction and extends in the first direction. The welded portion intersects itself at the first and second intersecting portions. The connecting portions are arranged in the first direction. The connecting portions extend in a first direction and connect the first and second longitudinal portions.