A manufacturing method for an engine includes: preparing, as a preparing step, a cylinder head having a surface on which a ceiling surface of a combustion chamber is formed; forming, as a film formation step, a thermal insulation film on the ceiling surface; measuring, as a measurement step, a volume of the thermal insulation film; and selecting, as a selection step, a rank for an engine valve to be used in combination with the ceiling surface so as to correspond to an amount of difference of a measured volume of the thermal insulation film from a designed value of a volume of the thermal insulation film, the rank being selected from a plurality of ranks set in correspondence with thicknesses of umbrella portions of engine valves.

The present invention relates to an air conditioner. The air conditioner according to the present embodiment has a refrigeration capacity of 7 kW to 11 kW, inclusive, and uses, as a refrigerant, a mixed refrigerant containing 50% or more of R32, and since a refrigerant pipe therein is made of a ductile stainless steel material having 1% or less of a delta-ferrite matrix structure with respect to the grain size area thereof, and includes a suction pipe guiding the suction of the refrigerant into a compressor and having an outer diameter of 15.88 mm, the refrigerant pipe can maintain strength and hardness as good as or better than those of a copper pipe, while also maintaining good processability.

The present invention relates to an air conditioner. The air conditioner according to the present embodiment has a refrigeration capacity of 7 kW to 11 kW, inclusive, and uses, as a refrigerant, a mixed refrigerant containing 50% or more of R32, and since a refrigerant pipe therein is made of a ductile stainless steel material having 1% or less of a delta-ferrite matrix structure with respect to the grain size area thereof, and includes a suction pipe guiding the suction of the refrigerant into a compressor and having an outer diameter of 15.88 mm, the refrigerant pipe can maintain strength and hardness as good as or better than those of a copper pipe, while also maintaining good processability.

The present invention relates to an air conditioner. The air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention has a refrigeration capacity of 16 kW to 28 kW, inclusive, and uses, as a refrigerant, a mixed refrigerant containing 50% or more of R32, and a refrigerant pipe therein includes a ductile stainless steel pipe having 1% or less of a delta-ferrite matrix structure with respect to the grain size area thereof. The refrigerant pipe includes a suction pipe for guiding the suction of the refrigerant into a compressor, and the outer diameter of the suction pipe is formed to be 19.05 mm and the inner diameter thereof is formed to be 18.07 mm or less. Also, the refrigerant pipe includes a discharge pipe for guiding the discharge of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, and the outer diameter of the discharge pipe is formed to be 12.70 mm and the inner diameter thereof is formed to be 12.04 mm or less.

A part tree support apparatus can include a base defining an upper surface, the upper surface defining a plurality of openings; and a plurality of supports, each of the plurality of supports extending from the base and removably secured to the base with a fastener engaged with one of the plurality of openings, each of the plurality of supports defining a recess facing in a Z-axis direction.

A photovoltaic module mounting system may include a module clamp that includes a central section that includes two first walls connected at the top of each first wall by a first connecting surface. The central section may have a first cross-sectional height corresponding to a height of each of the first walls and a first width corresponding to a distance between the two first walls. The module clamp may have ends that include two second walls connected at the top of each second wall by a second connecting surface in which each of the ends has a second cross-sectional height that is shorter than the first cross-sectional height and a second width that is wider than the first width. The central section may be connected to each of the ends such that the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface are bridged and form a bowtie shape.

A photovoltaic module mounting system may include a module clamp that includes a central section that includes two first walls connected at the top of each first wall by a first connecting surface. The central section may have a first cross-sectional height corresponding to a height of each of the first walls and a first width corresponding to a distance between the two first walls. The module clamp may have ends that include two second walls connected at the top of each second wall by a second connecting surface in which each of the ends has a second cross-sectional height that is shorter than the first cross-sectional height and a second width that is wider than the first width. The central section may be connected to each of the ends such that the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface are bridged and form a bowtie shape.

The method includes providing a computer model for producing the desired metal workpiece from the flat metal product in a processing procedure, the processing procedure including processing step on the flat metal product by a processing device, receiving technical data record characterizing the flat metal product, at least part of the data of the technical data record having been recorded during the production of the flat metal product, passing the technical data record to the input of the computer model, based on the passing of the technical data record, receiving a model value for an operating parameter of the processing device from the output of the computer model, producing the desired metal workpiece by controlling the processing procedure, the control of the processing procedure including a controlling of the processing device to perform the processing step on the flat metal product using the operating parameter set to the model value.

The method includes providing a computer model for producing the desired metal workpiece from the flat metal product in a processing procedure, the processing procedure including processing step on the flat metal product by a processing device, receiving technical data record characterizing the flat metal product, at least part of the data of the technical data record having been recorded during the production of the flat metal product, passing the technical data record to the input of the computer model, based on the passing of the technical data record, receiving a model value for an operating parameter of the processing device from the output of the computer model, producing the desired metal workpiece by controlling the processing procedure, the control of the processing procedure including a controlling of the processing device to perform the processing step on the flat metal product using the operating parameter set to the model value.

An excisional device for either handheld or stereotactic table use may comprise an outer sheath that may comprise a distal trough shape configured to penetrate and/or cut tissue independently or in concert with work element(s). The articulable work element(s) may comprise articulable beak(s) and may be configured to translate and/or rotate at a first rate and to cut tissue in a direction implied by placement of the trough shaped outer sheath. A first helical element or equivalent assembly may be configured to transport tissue cut by the work element(s) and/or trough, may be co-axially disposed relative to the work element(s) and may be operative to rotate at a second rotation rate that is different than the first rate. A proximal sheath may be co-axially disposed relative to the work element(s) and the first helical element, and may be configured to rotate and actuate the work element(s).