A system for magnetic abrasive finishing of a workpiece may include a magnetic abrasive brush that may include a plurality of magnetic/abrasive particles and an electromagnet configured to apply a magnetic field on the plurality of magnetic abrasive particles. The system may further include a first actuating mechanism that may be configured to actuate a rotational movement of the workpiece about a longitudinal axis of the workpiece, a second actuating mechanism that may be configured to actuate a linear movement of the magnetic abrasive brush along a first direction relative to the workpiece, the first direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, a sensor coupled to the magnetic abrasive brush that may be configured to measure a working gap between the magnetic abrasive brush and an outer surface of the workpiece at any given instant. The working gap may be a distance between a center of the magnetic field and the outer surface of the workpiece along a first axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece. The system may further include a control unit that may be coupled to the magnetic abrasive brush and may be configured to adjust a magnetic flux density of the magnetic field based on the measured working gap at any given instant.

A portable abrading machine includes an abrading-machine main body, a battery holster, and a power-supply cord. The abrading-machine main body includes a main-body housing, which houses a motor, and an abrading part, which is configured to move with orbital motion when a motor shaft of the motor is rotated. The battery holster includes a battery-mounting part, on which a battery is mountable. The power-supply cord is configured to supply electric power from the battery, when mounted on the battery-mounting part, to the abrading-machine main body. The power-supply cord connects the abrading-machine main body and the battery holster without going through the housing.

A roll grinding apparatus may comprise a frame, first and second rolls rotatably mounted on the frame in proximity to each other to grind materials passing between the rolls, and first and second motors to rotate the first and second rolls respectively. A control apparatus controls operation of at least one of the motors. The control apparatus may be configured to control the speed of the second roll by providing power to the second motor or braking the second motor through regeneration of energy from the second motor.

The present disclosure provides abrasive articles that include an abrasive layer having a contact surface, a first layer coupled to the abrasive layer, and a second layer coupled to the first layer. The first layer is configured to provide contact pressure to the abrasive layer, such as through a higher hardness than the second layer. The second layer is configured to provide conformability to the abrasive layer, such as through a higher compressibility than the first layer. The resulting abrasive articles may exert a consistent contact pressure against a substrate with increased conformability around the substrate, reduced hysteresis, improved removal rate consistency, and/or improved lifetime over abrasive articles that do not use the multiple layer construction described above.

The present disclosure provides abrasive articles that include an abrasive layer having a contact surface, a first layer coupled to the abrasive layer, and a second layer coupled to the first layer. The first layer is configured to provide contact pressure to the abrasive layer, such as through a higher hardness than the second layer. The second layer is configured to provide conformability to the abrasive layer, such as through a higher compressibility than the first layer. The resulting abrasive articles may exert a consistent contact pressure against a substrate with increased conformability around the substrate, reduced hysteresis, improved removal rate consistency, and/or improved lifetime over abrasive articles that do not use the multiple layer construction described above.

To provide a high-frequency-vibration-assisted electrolytic grinding method and a device therefor in which micro abrasive grains can be used so as to improve the grinding accuracy and efficiency. A high-frequency-vibration-assisted electrolytic grinding method in which a work is grinded by a grinding stone while electrolytic reaction is performed by applying a voltage between the grinding stone and the work through an electrolytic solution and high-frequency vibration is transmitted to the grinding stone or the work wherein; the grinding stone has non-conductive micro abrasive grains with grain sizes of less than #400 in accordance with the JIS R6001 standard of grinding stones for precision polishing projecting from its surface formed of conductive binding material, and the distance between the grinding stone and the work, which is regulated by the projecting lengths of the micro abrasive grains from the base of the grinding stone, is set to less than 0.02 mm.

A device for electromechanically assisted roller burnishing (EMRB) may comprise: a roller burnishing tool with exactly one current-leading roller burnishing element for burnishing a workpiece, wherein the roller burnishing element represents a first electrical contact element for electrically contacting first location of the workpiece, and a second electrical contact element for electrically contacting second location of the workpiece; wherein the first and the second electrical contact elements can be positioned at a settable spatial distance to one another, so that on moving the roller burnishing element on the workpiece, a current path in the workpiece between the first and the second contact elements is always a constant length.

A method of improving the reflectivity of a surface of an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine having a cylindrical or non-cylindrical internal wall of an internal combustion chamber in which one or more pistons move and in which combustion occurs. The method comprises polishing a surface of the internal combustion chamber, the surface during use of the internal combustion engine exposed to combustion, said polishing effective to increase a reflectivity of the surface. The surface may include a first zone not traversed by the one or more pistons and polished in a first manner (pressure, time, electrical current density or voltage) to yield a first reflectivity and a second zone traversed by the one or more pistons polished in a different manner and yielding a second reflectivity.

The cutting method is a cutting method for cutting a workpiece using a wire tool, including: supplying a slurry containing abrasive grains having an electrical dielectric property to a region of the workpiece into which the wire tool cuts; generating an alternating electric field in a region between the wire tool and the workpiece; and running the wire tool along a direction in which the wire tool is drawn while the wire tool abuts on the workpiece.

A method of compensating for a contribution of conductivity of the semiconductor wafer to a measured trace by an in-situ electromagnetic induction monitoring system includes storing or generating a modified reference trace. The modified reference trace represents measurements of a bare doped reference semiconductor wafer by an in-situ electromagnetic induction monitoring system as modified by a neutral network. The substrate is monitored with an in-situ electromagnetic induction monitoring system to generate a measured trace that depends on a thickness of the conductive layer, and at least a portion of the measured trace is applied to a neural network to generate a modified measured trace. An adjusted trace is generated, including subtracting the modified reference trace from the modified measured trace.