A cathode configured for a solid-state battery includes a body having grains of inorganic material sintered to one another, wherein the grains comprise lithium. A thickness of the body is from 3 ?m to 100 ?m. The first major surface and the second major surface have an unpolished granular profile such that the profile includes grains protruding outward from the respective major surface with a height of at least 25 nm and no more than 150 ?m relative to recessed portions of the respective major surface at boundaries between the respective grains.

A cathode configured for a solid-state battery includes a body having grains of inorganic material sintered to one another, wherein the grains comprise lithium. A thickness of the body is from 3 ?m to 100 ?m. The first major surface and the second major surface have an unpolished granular profile such that the profile includes grains protruding outward from the respective major surface with a height of at least 25 nm and no more than 150 ?m relative to recessed portions of the respective major surface at boundaries between the respective grains.

A ceramic matrix composite (CMC) vane includes a first platform, a second platform, at least one airfoil extending between and connected to the first platform and the second platform, and at least one integral transition region between the at least one airfoil and the first platform. The airfoil includes a shear tube layer positioned to abut the second platform. A first continuous single-folded fiber sheet forms the first platform, the at least one airfoil, and the at least one integral transition region and an additional fiber sheet overwraps the shear tube layer and the second platform to form a shear tube transition region.

A method and apparatus for producing a three-dimensional body are disclosed herein. The apparatus is capable of producing an inorganic material-containing formed body having improved quality. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a stage, a supply unit configured to intermittently or continuously supply a composition to a stage, the composition containing an inorganic material, a heating unit including a thermal solidification heat source configured to perform at least thermal solidification on the composition, an information acquisition unit configured to acquire information on at least one among the geometric state, physical state, and chemical state of the thermally solidified composition, and a control unit configured to control the supply unit and the heating unit to repeat supply and thermal solidification of the composition, and to control the supply unit and the heating unit based on the acquired information.

A filter element, useful for filtering molten metals and the like, is made from a precursor or template (10) having at least two layers (20). Each layer is assembled from three-dimensional geometric cages (22), joined in fixed relationship to each other: Some embodiments include a peripheral member (26) that encompasses the layer. In such cases, spacer members (28) can span the peripheral members to hold the layers in fixed spaced-apart relationship. In other embodiments, at least some of the cages in adjacent layers can be joined in fixed relationship, providing the spaced-apart relationship. The cages can be built from linear segments of a material joined in a pattern based on the edges of the geometric solid. The template may be formed by an automated technique, such as three-dimensional printing. If manufactured from a polymer, the precursor is coated with a ceramic slurry and calcined to provide the filter element.

A filter element, useful for filtering molten metals and the like, is made from a precursor or template (10) having at least two layers (20). Each layer is assembled from three-dimensional geometric cages (22), joined in fixed relationship to each other: Some embodiments include a peripheral member (26) that encompasses the layer. In such cases, spacer members (28) can span the peripheral members to hold the layers in fixed spaced-apart relationship. In other embodiments, at least some of the cages in adjacent layers can be joined in fixed relationship, providing the spaced-apart relationship. The cages can be built from linear segments of a material joined in a pattern based on the edges of the geometric solid. The template may be formed by an automated technique, such as three-dimensional printing. If manufactured from a polymer, the precursor is coated with a ceramic slurry and calcined to provide the filter element.

A method of making a heat exchanger is disclosed that includes identifying a space for a heat exchanger fluid flow path. A carbon template is formed in the shape of the flow path space, with void space in the shape of a fluid guide that forms the flow path space. A ceramic or a ceramic precursor fluid composition is deposited to the template void space, and a solid ceramic is formed from the fluid composition. The template is removed by oxidizing the carbon.

A method of making a heat exchanger is disclosed that includes identifying a space for a heat exchanger fluid flow path. A carbon template is formed in the shape of the flow path space, with void space in the shape of a fluid guide that forms the flow path space. A ceramic or a ceramic precursor fluid composition is deposited to the template void space, and a solid ceramic is formed from the fluid composition. The template is removed by oxidizing the carbon.

A concrete layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, a first fiber layer having longitudinally oriented and radially oriented fiber embedded in the upper surface of the concrete layer, and a second fiber layering having longitudinally oriented and radially oriented fiber embedded in the lower surface of the concrete layer.

A concrete layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, a first fiber layer having longitudinally oriented and radially oriented fiber embedded in the upper surface of the concrete layer, and a second fiber layering having longitudinally oriented and radially oriented fiber embedded in the lower surface of the concrete layer.