The disclosure provides a water soluble film suitable for thermoforming deep-drawn profiles, the film including a mixture of a water soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) resin and a plasticizer, and the film being characterized by a storage modulus at 90° C. less than 1.5×10.sup.8. The disclosure further provides a thermoformed article comprising the water soluble film according to the disclosure.

A solid freeform fabrication material includes a water-soluble core material and a water-insoluble coating material formed on the surface of the water-soluble core material.

A nitrogen-containing porous carbon material, and a capacitor and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. A carbon material, a macromolecular material and a modified material are mixed into a preform. The modified material includes nitrogen. A formation process is performed on the preform to obtain a formed object. High-temperature sintering is performed on the formed object to decompose and remove a part of the macromolecular material, while the other part of the macromolecular material and the carbon material together form a backbone structure including a plurality of pores. As such, the nitrogen becomes attached to the backbone structure to form a hydrogen-containing functional group to further obtain the nitrogen-containing porous carbon material. The nitrogen-containing porous carbon material may form a first nitrogen-containing porous carbon plate and a second nitrogen-containing porous carbon plate, which are placed in seawater to form a storage capacitor for seawater.

A manufacturing method for a micro-needle device includes following steps: a target tissue basic information obtaining step, a micro-needle template obtaining step, a micro-needle material adding step, a micro-needle semi-product obtaining step, and a micro-needle device obtaining step. The inner tissue distribution information is obtained by the application of optical coherence tomography. The micro-needle template is obtained according to the skin surface curvature information and the inner tissue distribution information. The micro-needle template has a plurality of areas and a plurality of mold holes. One or both of the diameter and the depth of the mold hole is determined by the inner tissue distribution information, and the curvature radius of the areas is determined by the skin surface curvature information. The manufacturing method for a micro-needle device is applicable to micro-needles with mixed configurations as well as micro-needles with syringe configurations.

An extrudable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder with improved flowability containing particles of PVA, which has been cryo-milled, and which has d.sub.50 particle sizes in the range of 45 to 1400 μm; or which has a particle size distribution of d.sub.10=20±10 μm, d.sub.20=30±10 μm, d.sub.50=70±10 μm, d.sub.90=200±30 μm, and d.sub.99=300±30 μm; and a powdery composition for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations which contains the polyvinyl alcohol homogeneously mixed with at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient (API); and a process for producing a solid pharmaceutical dosage form by extruding or forming a homogeneous melt of a mixture of ingredients containing the powdered polyvinyl alcohol and at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), and forming a powder or a molded form.

Additive manufacturing techniques are used to form an artificial intra-ocular lens (IOL) directly inside the human eye. Small openings are formed in the cornea and lens capsule of the eye, and the crystalline lens is broken up and removed through the openings; then, a material is injected into the lens capsule through the openings, and the focal spot of a pulse laser beam is scanned in a defined pattern in the lens capsule, to transform the material in the vicinity of the lase focal spot to form the IOL in a layer-by-layer manner. In one embodiment, stereolithography techniques are used where a pulse UV laser source is used to photosolidify a photopolymer resin. The liquefied resin is injected into the eye through the openings, after which only part of the resin, having the shape of the desired IOL, is selectively cured with the UV laser beam, via progressive layer formation.

The present invention provides multiple layer interlayers having a soft inner polymer layer and relatively stiff outer layers that can be laminated without unacceptable optical distortion and used in various multiple layer glass panel type applications. Multiple layer interlayers of the present invention have surface topography that is formed by controlling the melt fracture that occurs at the exposed surface of the interlayer, or individual layers of the multiple layer interlayer, during formation of the interlayer. By precisely controlling the surface topography of the interlayer, lamination of the interlayer with a rigid substrate does not lead to unacceptable optical distortion caused by the transfer of the surface topography through outer, stiffer layers into softer, internal layers of the interlayer.

In one aspect, adhesives for use with a 3D printer are described herein. In some embodiments, an adhesive for use with a 3D printer comprises a first polymeric component comprising a poly(vinyl alcohol) and a second polymeric component. The poly(vinyl alcohol), in some embodiments, comprises amorphous poly(vinyl alcohol). In some embodiments, the second polymeric component comprises a water-soluble polymer. Further, in some embodiments, an adhesive described herein further comprises a solvent, a surfactant, and/or a preservative.

A sheet 100 of water-soluble material such as polyvinyl alcohol comprises a plurality of individual, sealed pockets 110, each containing concrete admixture. The sheet is cut to size and attached to the interior of a formwork structure 200 with, for example, PVA glue. After concrete is poured into the formwork, covering the sheet 100, the sheet dissolves, releasing the admixture onto the surface of the concrete as it sets. In another arrangement, a sealed container 300 formed from a water-soluble material contains concrete admixture. The external wall of the container has a plurality of regions 320 where a thickness of the wall is reduced. The container is attached to interior walls of a formwork structure 200 or to reinforcing bars inside a formwork structure. After concrete is poured into the formwork, submerging the container, the container dissolves, with the thinner regions dissolving sooner, releasing the admixture into the concrete.

The present invention relates to a mould (1) for kids for making jewelry from a granular water-sensitive product, comprising: —a hollow body (2) having an opening (3) defining a respective forming zone; —a first element (4) combined with the hollow body (2) for closing-opening the opening (3) at a first side of the forming zone; —a second element (5) combined with the hollow body (2) for closing, and possibly opening, the opening (3) at a second side of the forming zone; wherein at least one among the hollow body (2), the first element (4) and the second element (5) comprises a plurality of holes (6) which are open in the forming zone, such that the forming zone is fluidically communicating with the environment outside of the mould (1).