A composite oil pan for a work vehicle engine and a method of forming the composite engine oil pan include forming a sheet of metal into a first pan and open molding a fiber-reinforced polymer resin onto the first pan forming a second pan. The first pan has a first bottom wall and first peripheral walls extending from edges of the first bottom wall to define a sump, the first peripheral walls terminating in a first peripheral flange. The second pan has a second bottom wall and second peripheral walls abutting the first bottom wall and the first peripheral walls, the second peripheral walls terminating in a second peripheral flange. The first pan defines a thin metal structure with an inner surface extending across the first bottom wall, first peripheral walls and first peripheral flange; the second pan reinforces the first pan without abutting the inner surface.

This invention relates to a method of manufacturing an optical sheet, including: (S1) forming a single layer by feeding a curable resin composition, (S2) obtaining the single layer having a transferred nanopattern on a surface thereof by passing the single layer formed in (S1) through a release mold having a nanopattern having a pitch of 50 to 500 nm and an aspect ratio of 1.0 to 5.0, and (S3) curing the single layer having the transferred nanopattern obtained in (S2).

Printing systems, compositions suitable for the printing system, use of the compositions, methods for additive manufacturing, and exposure systems, all allowing for improved 3D manufacturing of products, include the exposure of layers of photopolymer material by two different wavelengths coming from LEDs.

A method of making an adhesive is provided, including obtaining an actinic radiation-polymerizable adhesive precursor composition disposed against a surface of an actinic radiation-transparent substrate and irradiating a first portion of the actinic radiation-polymerizable adhesive precursor composition through the actinic radiation-transparent substrate for a first irradiation dosage. The method further includes irradiating a second portion of the actinic radiation-polymerizable adhesive precursor composition through the actinic radiation-transparent substrate for a second irradiation dosage. The first portion and the second portion are adjacent to or overlapping with each other and the first irradiation dosage and the second irradiation dosage are not the same. The method forms an integral adhesive having a variable thickness in an axis normal to the surface of the actinic radiation-transparent substrate. Also, an adhesive article is provided, including a substrate having a major surface and an integral adhesive disposed on the major surface of the substrate.

The invention pertains to the use of sophisticated chemical formulation and spectroscopic design methods to select taggants compatible with the 3D print medium that are easily detected spectroscopically but otherwise compatible with the product, structural integrity and stability, and aesthetics. A spectral pattern employs a different chemical or combination of chemicals to alter the formulation of all or some portion of the printed object so that its authenticity can be monitored later using a spectrometer.

The present disclosure relates to a process for preparing polyester. The process for preparing the polyester essentially involves the preparation of the isosorbide oligomer and the isosorbide polymer from the isosorbide oligomer. The isosorbide oligomer or isosorbide polymer is then co-polymerized with the polyester. The copolymerization isosorbide oligomer or isosorbide polymer may be carried out at any stage of the preparation of the polyester. The polyester obtained in accordance with the process of the present disclosure can be used in packaging applications such as preparing packaging materials or containers. The material or container obtained from the polyester of the present disclosure is capable of withstanding a temperature of 60 to 90° C. without undergoing any deformation and shrinkage. Further, the material or container obtained from the polyester of the present disclosure is transparent or has lower color b* value.

A method of making an adhesive is provided, including obtaining an actinic radiation-polymerizable adhesive precursor composition disposed against a surface of an actinic radiation-transparent substrate and irradiating a first portion of the actinic radiation-polymerizable adhesive precursor composition through the actinic radiation-transparent substrate for a first irradiation dosage. The method further includes irradiating a second portion of the actinic radiation-polymerizable adhesive precursor composition through the actinic radiation-transparent substrate for a second irradiation dosage. The first portion and the second portion are adjacent to or overlapping with each other and the first irradiation dosage and the second irradiation dosage are not the same. The method forms an integral adhesive having a variable thickness in an axis normal to the surface of the actinic radiation-transparent substrate. Also, an adhesive article is provided, including a substrate having a major surface and an integral adhesive disposed on the major surface of the substrate. Further, methods are provided, including receiving, by a manufacturing device having one or more processors, a digital object comprising data specifying an article; and generating, with the manufacturing device by an additive manufacturing process, the article based on the digital object. A system is provided, including a display that displays a 3D model of an article; and one or more processors that, in response to the 3D model selected by a user, cause a 3D printer to create a physical object of an article.

A method for the production and filling of an application package for a liquid pharmaceutical product. A thermoforming film of thermoplastics laminated together is heated in order to plasticize the film at least in partial areas. Plasticized areas are thermoformed in a mold in order to form a chamber for the liquid pharmaceutical product and a tube-shaped application duct opening into this chamber, with the chamber and duct being enclosed by a non-thermoformed, essentially flat bonding area of the film. The liquid pharmaceutical product is filled into the chamber. The chamber and the application duct are sealed by covering the thermoformed and filled thermoforming film with an essentially flat covering film that is bonded to the bonding area of the thermoforming film enclosing the chamber and the application duct. The thermoforming film is pressed by a forming die during thermoforming into the mold in at least a partial area of the application duct.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for forming illumination affects through the use differing material disposed around various light sources. In some embodiments LED light sources are used. On the optical surface of the LED light source, lensing is effectuated to control the illumination from the light source. The lensing may be effectuated using maker tools such as 3D printing or micro-machining. Other embodiments of the methods described herein may be effected for shading and other illumination affects. Some embodiments include 3D printing of structures on circuit boards to effectuate lighting designs and control of LED light sources.

Disclosed is a high strength polyester fiber for a seat belt, and in particular, a polyester fiber for a seat belt, which has intrinsic viscosity of 0.8 to 1.5 dl/g, tensile strength of 8.8 g/d or more, and total fineness of 400 to 1800 denier. A method of preparing the fiber is disclosed. The polyester fiber includes filaments having high strength, low modulus, and high elongation to significantly lower shrinkage, while securing excellent mechanical properties, it is possible to manufacture a seat belt having excellent impact absorption and significantly improved abrasion resistance and heat resistant strength retention, even with a woven density of 260 yarns/inch or less.