A method of additive manufacturing (AM) includes dispensing a first building material formulation to form an outer region, and dispensing a second building material formulation to form an inner region, the outer region surrounding the inner region, the inner and outer regions being shaped to form a layer of the object; exposing the layer to a first curing condition, repeating the dispensing and the exposing to sequentially form a plurality of layers of the object and collectively exposing the plurality of layers to a second curing condition. The selections are such that the first building material formulation is hardened to a higher degree than the second building formulation. The outer regions form a hardened coating that at least partially encapsulates the inner regions. The second curing condition is other than the first curing condition and is selected to increase the degree that the inner region is hardened.

At a temperature at the time of molding, an end surface of an ejector pin in a sliding direction is as high as or higher than an upper surface of an upper surface portion of a mold body, the upper surface being adjacent to a cavity on the ejector pin side.

A process for melting/sintering powder particles for layer-by-layer production of three-dimensional objects is performed by a) applying a layer of a powder material solidifiable under the action of electromagnetic radiation, b) heating the powder material to not more than 10 K below the melting point according to DIN 53765 by a radiation from a heat-radiating element whose maximum radiation intensity is at a wavelength of 5000 nm or at longer wavelengths, c) selective melting/sintering of at least a region of the powder material which corresponds to the cross section of the three-dimensional object, d) repeating steps a) to c) until the three-dimensional object is obtained.

The present invention achieves cost reduction by simplifying the manufacturing process for a film-formed molded product provided with a metal coating film capable of transmitting electromagnetic waves therethrough. This method for manufacturing a film-formed molded product which includes a molded product and a metal coating film covering the molded product comprises: forming the molded product between a movable mold and a fixed mold; and then forming the metal coating film which covers the molded product by a film-forming part of a second mold without taking the molded product out from between the movable mold and the fixed mold. The metal coating film is capable of transmitting electromagnetic waves therethrough as a result of generation of cracks after being formed.

This disclosure describes three-dimensional printing kits, methods, and systems for three-dimensional printing with triethylene glycol fusing agents. In one example, a three-dimensional printing kit can include a powder bed material including polymer particles and a fusing agent to selectively apply to the powder bed material. The fusing agent can include water, a radiation absorber, and triethylene glycol in an amount from about 20 wt % to about 35 wt %. The radiation absorber can absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat to fuse the powder bed material.

An additive manufacturing system for extraction of impurities in additive manufacturing material, the system including an additive manufacturing machine for manufacturing a part using additive manufacturing material. The system may additionally include a conductive plate adjacent to the additive manufacturing material. The system can further include an energy source for distributing an electric charge through the conductive plate adjacent to the additive manufacturing material. Distributing the electric charge through the conductive plate can attract impurities from the additive manufacturing material to the conductive plate

Provided is an injection molded article containing a copolymer containing tetrafluoroethylene unit and a fluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) unit, wherein the content of the fluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) unit of the copolymer is 3.9 to 4.8% by mass with respect to the whole of the monomer units, the melt flow rate at 372° C. of the copolymer is 11.0 to 19.0 g/10 min, the melting point of the copolymer is 296 to 305° C., and the amount of fluorine ions dissolving out from the injection molded article into water is 7,500 μg/m.sup.2 or lower.

Provided is an injection molded article including a bottom surface section, and a side surface section erected from a peripheral edge of the bottom surface section, wherein the height from the bottom surface section of the side surface section is 3.8 cm or larger, the ratio of the height from the bottom surface section of the side surface section to the average thickness of the side surface section (height/thickness) is 19.0 or more, the load applied to the lower end section of the side surface section is 0.8 kPa or higher, the injection molded article contains a copolymer containing tetrafluoroethylene unit and a fluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) unit, the content of the fluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) unit of the copolymer is 4.5 to 6.0% by mass with respect to the whole of the monomer units, the melt flow rate at 372° C. of the copolymer is 35.0 to 60.0 g/10 min, and the number of functional groups of the copolymer is 50 or less.

There is provided an injection molded article obtained by injection molding a copolymer using a mold provided with a gate, wherein the copolymer contains tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) unit and a fluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) (FAVE) unit, the content of the fluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) unit of the copolymer is 5.2 to 6.3% by mass with respect to the whole of the monomer units, the melt flow rate at 372° C. of the copolymer is 19.0 to 35.0 g/10 min, the number of functional groups of the copolymer is 50 or less per 10.sup.6 main-chain carbon atoms, and the injection molded article has a gate section corresponding to the gate of the mold, and the ratio of the maximum flow length (a) from the gate section of the injection molded article to the average value (b) of the product thickness on the maximum flow length, ((a)/(b)), is 80 to 200.

A composition includes an infrared reflective additive having one or more infrared reflective colorants and a thermally emissive filler. The infrared reflective additive can be melt processed in a polymeric matrix.