According to some illustrative embodiments, a protective product is provided that includes: at least one expandable slit paper sheet, said at least on expandable slit paper being expanded between opposing ends of said slit paper; a first embossed paper sheet facing said expanded slit paper sheet and a second paper sheet facing an opposite side of said at least one expanded slit paper sheet, at least one of said first embossed paper sheet and said second paper sheet being fixed to said expanded slit paper sheet at the opposing ends of said expanded slit paper sheet and thereby maintaining said expanded paper in its expanded state, said first embossed paper sheet having a plurality of embossings that increase the rigidity of said embossed paper sheet, whereby inhibiting deformation of said embossed paper sheet that is fixed to said expanded slit sheet paper.

The present invention relates generally to a protective wrap and a protective envelope or pouch: made therefrom, as well as the apparatus and: process for forming such wraps and envelopes. Water-based heat-expandable adhesives (WBHEA) which include a plurality of heat-expandable microspheres are disposed in a pattern between, web substrates on a continuous, high speed manufacturing line to produce padded, insulated products: useful as envelopes, mailers and other protective packaging.

A cushioned envelope is formed from a laminated material that includes a cushioning web and a shell web. The outer side of the cushioning web is laminated to the inner side of the shell web. A crimping adhesive is applied to first and second transverse seams of the inner side of the cushioning web. The laminated web material is crimped so that each of the first and second transverse seams on the inner side of the cushioning web is folded in on itself. The folded laminated web material is crimped at the first transverse seam and at the second transverse seam. The crimped laminated web material is cut at a location in the first transverse seam and at a location in the second transverse seam.

According to some illustrative embodiments, a protective product is provided that includes: an envelope having a two-layer wall structure, the two-layer wall structure including a) a first outer paper layer, and b) a second inner paper layer, wherein the second inner paper layer includes width-wise positional variations of the side surface of the second inner sheet that cushions items placed within an inner pouch of the envelope, and forms an interior wall of the inner pouch of the envelope and directly contacts the items placed within the inner pouch of the envelope. In some preferred implementations, the width-wise positional variations of the side surface of the second inner paper layer includes pleats, undulations and/or embossments, and, preferably, the pleats, undulations and/or embossments include ridges that extend perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to an outlet of the envelope.

Improvements to asynchronous spatial listen before talk (LBT) procedures are disclosed. In a shared spectrum network spatial LBT procedures are used for directionally targeting the channel reservation process. Prior to transmitting channel reservation signaling, the transmitter and receiver determine an effective interference considering available multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) configuration information. When the effective interference exceeds a predefined threshold, the node may without transmission of its channel reservation signal. Otherwise, when the effective interference remains within the threshold, each node's transmitted channel reservation signal may also identify at least a beamforming matrix either as payload or used to precode the node's channel reservation signal.

The present invention relates generally to a protective wrap and a protective envelope or pouch: made therefrom, as well as the apparatus and: process for forming such wraps and envelopes. Water-based heat-expandable adhesives (WBHEA) which include a plurality of heat-expandable microspheres are disposed in a pattern between, web substrates on a continuous, high speed manufacturing line to produce padded, insulated products: useful as envelopes, mailers and other protective packaging.

The present disclosure is directed to a shipping container with a corrugated medium that lines an interior pocket of the shipping container as well devices and components (e.g., corrugating rollers, corrugating machines, scoring rollers, and scoring machines) that are utilized to manufacture the shipping containers. The corrugated medium has flutes that cushion, support, and protect a product that is shipped within the shipping container. The corrugated medium may include a first portion with first flutes and a second portion with second flutes that are offset relative to the first flutes. The offset first flutes and second flutes results in peaks of the first flutes nesting within valleys of the second flutes, and peaks of the second flutes nesting within valleys of the first flutes.

The presently disclosed subject matter generally relates to recyclable insulation material for shipping containers, groceries bags, etc., machines for making the recyclable insulation material, and methods for the making the recyclable insulation material. In one aspect, a method of forming an insulation product may include forming a continuous sheet of paper into a plurality of flexible loops defining a plurality of air channels extending in a direction that is substantially perpendicular with a machine direction of the continuous sheet of paper. The method may also include immediately attaching a first layer of paper and a second layer of paper to the plurality of flexible loops as they are formed so that the continuous sheet of paper retains the plurality of flexible loops between the first layer and the second layer and that the plurality of flexible loops remain unattached with respect to one another.

In a container for packaging filling materials, in particular a bag or pouch made of plastic film, comprising at least one container wall surrounding the filling material, which has at least one front and rear wall, and comprising superposed layers formed in the top region of the container, wherein in the top region of the container predetermined layers are connected over at least one section by means of at least one closure means closing the container, below which a section of the top region located adjacent to the region fitted with the opening has a filling material withdrawal region and that at least one section of a connecting seam is disposed so that it runs around an opening at least in some areas in such a manner that in the top region the multilayer region is separated in a sealing manner from the filling space of the container.

A supply of inflatable pouches includes an inflatable web having two sheets sealed to define a series of inflatable in chambers having a closed distal end and an open proximal end providing an inflation port for each of the chambers. The chambers are arrayed in a transversely. The inflatable web includes a longitudinal fold defining two juxtaposed inflatable panels. A series of transverse seals bond the panels together to form a connected series of inflatable pouches between pairs of the transverse seals. The inflatable web includes a series of slits, each slit extending transversely in the two juxtaposed inflatable panels from the longitudinal fold for at least one inch. Each slit of the series is between adjacent inflatable pouches.