A laminate structure and method of forming is provided. The laminate structure includes a first metal sheet having a first thickness, a second metal sheet having a second thickness, and an adhesive core having an adhesive thickness. The adhesive core is disposed between and bonded to the first and second metal sheets. The first and second metal sheets are made of an aluminum based material and the adhesive core is made of an adhesive material also described as a viscoelastic adhesive material. The laminate structure is configured such that a ratio of the sum of the first and second thickness to the adhesive thickness is greater than either to one (8:1). The laminate structure including the viscoelastic adhesive core is characterized by a composite loss factor at 1,000 Hertz which is continuously greater than 0.1 within a temperature range of 25 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius.

A laminate structure and method of forming is provided. The laminate structure includes a first metal sheet having a first thickness, a second metal sheet having a second thickness, and an adhesive core having an adhesive thickness. The adhesive core is disposed between and bonded to the first and second metal sheets. The first and second metal sheets are made of an aluminum based material and the adhesive core is made of an adhesive material also described as a viscoelastic adhesive material. The laminate structure is configured such that a ratio of the sum of the first and second thickness to the adhesive thickness is greater than either to one (8:1). The laminate structure including the viscoelastic adhesive core is characterized by a composite loss factor at 1,000 Hertz which is continuously greater than 0.1 within a temperature range of 25 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius.

The present disclosure is directed to an exterior surface protective layer for protecting a composite structure from environmental conditions including: at least one curable film; such as at least two curable films, and an electrically conductive material, wherein the electrically conductive material comprises a wire-free electrically conductive material, and/or an electrically conductive polymer weave, wherein the at least one curable film includes at least one of polyurethane, polyimide, polyester or epoxy upon curing, and wherein a weight of the exterior surface protective layer ranges from about 0.02 pounds per square foot to about 0.1 pounds per square foot. An exterior surface protected composite structure and methods of forming an exterior surface protected composite structure are also provided.

In an example, a method for accelerated conditioning of a composite core sandwich coupon is described. The method includes setting a first temperature and a first relative humidity level of the conditioning apparatus, wherein a combination of the first temperature and the first relative humidity level correspond to a desired relative humidity level of the plurality of cells of the core layer at room temperature. The method includes maintaining the first temperature and the first relative humidity for a first period, wherein during the first period a core humidity of the plurality of cells in the core layer approaches the first relative humidity level. The method includes determining that the core humidity has reached the first relative humidity level. The method includes, based on determining that the core humidity has reached the first relative humidity level, adjusting the first temperature to a second temperature.

The present invention provides a multilayer structure that has excellent gas barrier properties and an excellent peel strength between a base and a gas barrier layer after retorting, and that can retain a good appearance with no delamination even after retorting under stress. The present invention also provides packaging materials and products including such a multilayer structure. The present invention relates to a multilayer structure comprising a base (X), a layer (Z) stacked on the base (X), and a layer (Y) stacked on the layer (Z), the layer (Y) containing a reaction product (D) of an aluminum-containing metal oxide (A) and an inorganic phosphorus compound (BI), the layer (Z) containing a polyvinyl alcohol resin (C) and a polyester resin (L).

The present invention provides a multilayer structure that has excellent gas barrier properties and an excellent peel strength between a base and a gas barrier layer after retorting, and that can retain a good appearance with no delamination even after retorting under stress. The present invention also provides packaging materials and products including such a multilayer structure. The present invention relates to a multilayer structure comprising a base (X), a layer (Z) stacked on the base (X), and a layer (Y) stacked on the layer (Z), the layer (Y) containing a reaction product (D) of an aluminum-containing metal oxide (A) and an inorganic phosphorus compound (BI), the layer (Z) containing a polyvinyl alcohol resin (C) and a polyester resin (L).

A laminate includes: a base material; a circuit; an insulating layer provided between the base material and the circuit, the insulating layer including a thermally conductive filler; and an adhesive configured to bond at least the base material and the insulating layer. The base material and the insulating layer are bonded by the adhesive in part and in contact with each other in other parts. A plurality of spaces are formed in the insulating layer, and the adhesive fills at least a portion of the plurality of spaces.

A composite cooling film including a reflective nonporous inorganic-particle-filled organic polymeric layer, an ultra-violet-protective layer or layers, and an antisoiling layer.

A method for preparing rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams or rigid polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams in which method the rigid PUR or PIR foam is prepared by reacting a composition (C) comprising: at least one isocyanate-reactive component (B1) having functional groups selected from hydroxyl, amine and thiol groups; at least one isocyanate component (A1) having an average functionality of less than 2.70; and at least one blowing agent [blowing agent (BA), herein after]; with the proviso that the overall average functionality [F.sub.n,avg(A), herein after] of all isocyanate components present in the composition (C) is less than 2.70; wherein the composition (C) is characterized by an isocyanate index X, wherein the rigid PUR or PIR foams are produced by depositing the composition (C) between two gas-tight facing sheets and wherein the rigid PUR or PIR foam is characterized by a difference Δλ between the initial thermal conductivity value λ.sub.ini and the aged thermal conductivity value λ.sub.aged of said rigid PUR or PIR foam wherein: when X≤200 then Δλ<1.35; and when X>200 then Δλ<[6.49−(4.46*F.sub.n,avg(A))−(0.02348*X)+(0.492*F.sub.n,avg(A)*F.sub.n,avg(A))+(0.01343*F.sub.n,avg(A)*X)+0.3].

An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated sheet for a metal-clad laminate and a method of manufacturing the same, the laminated sheet including: a substrate that includes a liquid crystal polymer or a fluoropolymer; and an adhesive layer, in which adhesiveness with a metal layer formed on the adhesive layer is excellent. Another object of the present invention is to provide a metal-clad laminate and a method of manufacturing the same.

A laminated sheet for a metal-clad laminate includes: a substrate that includes a liquid crystal polymer or a fluoropolymer; an inorganic oxide layer; and an adhesive layer, in which the substrate, the inorganic oxide layer, and the adhesive layer are laminated in this order.