Provided is an interlayer film for laminated glass with which the penetration resistance of laminated glass can be heightened. An interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention includes one end and the other end on an opposite side of the one end, the other end has a thickness larger than a thickness of the one end, the interlayer film does not contain or contains alkali metal, the interlayer film does not contain or contains alkali earth metal, and the interlayer film contains magnesium. Further in the interlayer film for laminated glass, a content of magnesium in a surface portion of a first region on the one end side of the interlayer film after heated at 150 C. for 30 minutes, a total content of alkali metal, alkali earth metal and magnesium in the surface portion of the first region on the one end side of the heated interlayer film, a content of magnesium in a surface portion of a second region on the other end side of the heated interlayer film, and a total content of alkali metal, alkali earth metal and magnesium in the first or second region of the interlayer film after heat satisfy specific relationships.

A laminated motor-vehicle windshield includes exterior glass sheet and an interior glass sheet, which sheets are joined together by an interlayer made of a thermoplastic of refractive index n.sub.1. The windshield is equipped with a through-hole that passes through at least one of the glass sheets and may pass through the interlayer and wherein the hole is filled with an optical device that is suitable for deviating a light beam incident substantially horizontally on that face of the windshield which is exposed to the exterior of the vehicle and for making it converge, substantially without deformation, on an image-capturing device of a camera, such as a CCD or CMOS detector, placed facing that face of the windshield which is turned toward the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The detector is arranged substantially parallelly to the surface of the windshield.

Heated windshields, which utilize a transparent conductive coating, are increasing in popularity due to the rapid deice defog action and higher efficiency of such products. With the limited waste heat available in electric and hybrid electric vehicles, cabin heating and defrosting must be done with electric power. One of the problems in designing a heated windshield is hiding the busbars from view for the exterior of the vehicle. This is especially a problem when the coating is on the inner surface of the exterior glass layer which is the preferred embodiment for both solar control and defrosting. The normal black obscuration cannot be applied over the coating and it is very expensive to first paint and then coat the glass. The invention makes use of a thin conductive layer placed between the bus bars and the coating which serves to hide the bus bars from view providing a glazing with an improved aesthetic.

A composite pane containing a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties includes, in this order, a first pane, a first thermoplastic composite film having at least one plasticizer, a functional element having a peripheral edge, a barrier film having a cutout, into which the functional element is inserted, a second thermoplastic composite film having at least one plasticizer, a second pane, wherein the barrier film surrounds the functional element in a frame-like manner and is in direct contact with the peripheral edge of the functional element, and the barrier film contains at most 0.5 wt.-% plasticizer and prevents the diffusion of plasticizer through the barrier film.

A laminated glazing for a vehicle or a building, includes an inner structural glass sheet having a surface compressive stress of between 400 and 1000 MPa with exchange depths of between 100 and 500, for example at least equal to 150 m and an outer structural glass sheet having a surface compressive stress of between 50 and 300 MPa with exchange depths of between 50 and 100 m, on condition that the product of the two is at most equal to 25 000 MPa.Math.m.

The present invention discloses a composite thermal insulator including a first transparent substrate layer, a second transparent substrate layer, and a near-infrared shielding layer positioned between the first transparent substrate layer and the second transparent substrate layer, and the near-infrared shielding layer is formed by dispersively fixing multiple nanoparticles containing tungsten oxide in polyethylene terephthalate. The composite thermal insulator can't change color under sunlight so that it can be used for light output controlling and thermal isolation.

A curved laminated glazing includes an outer sheet of a soda-lime-silica colored glass and an inner sheet of a chemically-toughened sodium aluminosilicate clear glass having a thickness e2 ranging from 0.4 to 1.1 mm, the outer and inner sheets being joined together by a lamination interlayer, the colored glass having a chemical composition comprising a weight content of total iron, expressed in the form Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, ranging from 0.6 to 2.2%, the glasses of the inner and outer sheets being selected so that 0T10.sub.inT10.sub.out20 C., where T10.sub.in is the temperature T10 of the glass of the inner sheet and T10.sub.out is the temperature T10 of the glass of the outer sheet, the temperature T10 being the temperature at which the glass considered has a viscosity of 10.sup.10 dPa.Math.s.

A laminated glazing incorporates an electrically controllable device and the manufacture thereof including an operation of preassembly with a thin plastic strip.

An insulating glazing unit may be configured to provide both visible transparency and bullet-resistance. The bullet resistant properties of the unit may be achieved through the combination and coordination of different materials forming the panes of the unit. For example, the insulating glazing unit may include multiple laminate panes separated by a spacer. Each laminate pane may include at least two transparent rigid substrates joined by a layer of laminate material. The laminate material used in one laminate pane may be different than the laminate material used in another pane. For example, one pane may utilize a laminate material that is soft and flexible. This may help absorb and dissipate the impact of a projectile. By contrast, another laminate pane may utilize a laminate material that is stiff and rigid. This may help provide a final stopping force to a projectile.

Laminated glass for automobile windshield includes: a first and a second glass plate facing each other, and an intermediate film disposed between the glass plates and including a plurality of core layers and a plurality of skin layers alternately laminated. The plurality of core layers have a glass transition point of lower than 15 C. The plurality of skin layers have a glass transition point of 15 C. or higher. The plurality of core layers include two or more core layers. The laminated glass has a maximum degree of unevenness of 3 m or less in a test area A.