Heat sink and method of manufacturing a graphene based heat sink, the method comprising: providing a first and second graphene film; arranging a layer of nanoparticles on a surface of the first and second graphene film to improve an adhesion strength between the graphene films; attaching the second graphene film to the first graphene film by means of an adhesive and the layer of nanoparticles; forming a laminated graphene film comprising a number of graphene film layers by repeating the steps, wherein the laminated graphene film is formed to have an anisotropic thermal conductivity; assembling a plurality of laminated graphene films by applying pressure and heat to cure the adhesive to form a graphene block; and removing selected portions of the graphene block to form a heat sink comprising fins extending from a base plate of the heat sink.

Laminated glass for vehicles comprising an interior glass plate and an exterior glass plate, an interlayer film between the interior glass plate and the exterior glass plate, and a light control element sealed in the interlayer film, wherein the light control element has a pair of substrates and a light control layer between the pair of substrates, and the interlayer film includes an interior portion on the vehicle-interior side of the light control layer, and an exterior portion on the vehicle-exterior side of the light control layer, when the transmittance of the exterior glass plate, the exterior portion of the interlayer film, and the substrate on the vehicle-exterior side, of the light control layer, is Tout, and the transmittance of the interior glass plate, the interior portion of the interlayer film, and the substrate on the vehicle-interior side, of the light control layer, is Tin, a relation Tout<Tin is satisfied.

Provided is a laminate that has excellent long-term heat resistance even when an inorganic substrate having a high surface roughness is used. This laminate is characterized by having an inorganic substrate, a silane coupling agent layer, and a heat-resistant polymer film in this order, and satisfying the following (A)-(C). (A) The peel strength F0 of the laminate, as measured by a 90? peeling method, is 1.0-20 N/cm. (B) In the surface of the inorganic substrate after peeling the heat-resistant polymer film from the laminate at 90?, the area of a peeled portion on the boundary surface between the inorganic substrate and the silane coupling agent layer is at most 20% of the entire peeled surface. (C) The peel strength F1 of the laminate, as measured by the 90? peeling method after heating in a nitrogen atmosphere at 350? C. for 500 hours, is greater than F0.

A layered device having two base films, a conductive pattern attached to the first base film facing the second base film and a bonding layer binding the first base film and the second base film together. The bonding layer includes an opening, and the conductive pattern having an exposed portion aligned with the opening in the bonding layer. Further disclosed is a spacer attached to the first base film and the exposed portion of the conductive pattern, wherein the spacer fills at least part of the space created by the opening in the bonding layer. Also disclosed is a method of producing a layered device.

The pressure-sensitive adhesive film of the present invention comprises a thermoplastic resin, wherein a shear storage elastic modulus at 85? C. is 0.06?10.sup.6 Pa or more and 1.00?10.sup.6 Pa or less, the pressure-sensitive adhesive film comprises no plasticizer or comprises less than 20 parts by mass of a plasticizer based on 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin, and a gel fraction is 15% or less. The laminate of the present invention comprises the pressure-sensitive adhesive film of the present invention, a first organic material substrate, and at least one base material of a second organic material substrate and an inorganic material substrate. The liquid crystal display of the present invention and the laminated glass of the present invention each comprise the laminate of the present invention. The present invention can provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive film excellent in level-difference conformability, bleed performance and recyclability, a laminate comprising the pressure-sensitive adhesive film, and a liquid crystal display and a laminated glass each comprising the laminate.

There is provided a fishing rod preventing or suppressing deviation or inclination of a fitting on a surface of a rod body. The fishing rod includes an elongated cylindrical rod body, a fitting having a mounting portion and mounted to an outer peripheral surface of the rod body via the mounting portion, a first layer formed by winding a first sheet so as to enclose the mounting portion and the rod body, the first sheet being made of a fiber-reinforced resin or a resin having a thermal shrinkage rate of 2.5% or lower, and a second layer formed by winding a second sheet made of a fiber-reinforced resin on an outer side of the first sheet, wherein a temperature at which a loss tangent of the first sheet has a maximum value is different from a temperature at which a loss tangent of the second sheet has a maximum value.

Provided is an electromagnetic wave shielding material including a multilayer structure in which at least one metal foil and at least two resin layers are closely laminated, wherein both surfaces of each metal foil are closely laminated to the resin layers; wherein each metal foil satisfies the following relationship with each of the two resin layers adjacent to the metal foil: 0.02V.sub.M/V.sub.M1.2, in which: V.sub.M is a volume fraction of the metal foil relative to a total volume of the metal foil and the resin layer; V.sub.M is (.sub.R.sub.R)/(.sub.M+.sub.R.sub.R); .sub.M is a true stress (MPa) of the metal foil at breakage when a tensile stress is applied to the metal foil; .sub.R is a true stress (MPa) of the resin layer at breakage when a tensile stress is applied to the resin layer; and .sub.R is a true stress (MPa) of the resin layer when a logarithmic strain same as a logarithmic strain at breakage of the metal foil is applied to the resin layer.

An electrical insulating material is described herein. The electrical insulating material comprises an insulating core layer and at least one cured epoxy layer coated on a first major surface of the insulating core layer. In some aspects, the exemplary electrical insulating material can further include a second cured epoxy layer coated on a second major surface of the insulating core layer.

Disclosed are a polyimide resin containing a structural unit represented by the following formula (1-1), and a polyimide film containing a structural unit represented by the following formula (1-2) and having a thickness of 10 to 50 ?m. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 in the formula (1-1) each independently represent any group of the following formulae (i) to (iv), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 in the formula (1-2) each independently represent a group of the following formula (i) or formula (ii), and in these formulae, * bonds to the carbon with * in the formula (1-1) and the formula (1-2) and ** bonds to the carbon with ** in the formula (1-1) and the formula (1-2). A polyimide resin capable of forming a polyimide film excellent in transparency and having a low coefficient of linear thermal expansion, and a polyimide film having a lower coefficient of linear thermal expansion are provided.

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A membrane electrode assembly is provided that includes a polymer electrolyte membrane and a catalyst layer provided on a surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane. The catalyst layer comprises catalyst particles and an ionomer film surrounding each of the catalyst particles. The ionomer film has an oxygen permeability of approximately 6.010.sup.12 mol/cm/s to 15.010.sup.12 mol/cm/s at 80 C. and a relative humidity of approximately 30% to 100%.