A battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electric vehicle are provided. The battery includes a metal shell and a plurality of electrode core assemblies sealed in the metal shell and arranged in sequence. The electrode core assemblies are connected in series. Each of the electrode core assemblies includes at least one electrode core. The electrode core assemblies are sealed in a packaging film. An air pressure between the metal shell and the packaging film is lower than an air pressure outside the metal shell. An air pressure inside the packaging film is lower than the air pressure between the metal shell and the packaging film.

A thermal barrier article comprising a core layer containing a plurality of fibers or a flame-retardant foam, and a supplementary layer disposed on or integrated within the core layer, where the thermal barrier article is operatively adapted to survive or withstand at least one cycle of the Torch and Grit Test.

The invention relates to a cover structure the SMC main body of which is simultaneously pressed and bonded with two additional layers in a bonding press.

Provided is a microporous film which has a surface A and a surface B opposite to the surface A. In one embodiment, the microporous film has a ratio (F.sub.B/F.sub.A) of a dynamic friction coefficient F.sub.B of the surface B to a dynamic friction coefficient F.sub.A of the surface A of 1.2 to 20. In another embodiment, the microporous film is a single layer having a thickness of 3-18 μm, a number N.sub.A of pores on the surface A is 10-100/μm.sup.2, a number N.sub.B of pores on the surface B is 20-200/μm.sup.2, and N.sub.A/N.sub.B is 0.2-0.96. In addition, a total area S.sub.A of pores on the surface A is 0.02-0.5 μm.sup.2/μm.sup.2, a total area S.sub.B of pores on the surface B is 0.01-0.3 μm.sup.2/μm.sup.2, and S.sub.A/S.sub.B is 1.1-10. Furthermore, in another embodiment, a number W.sub.B of protrusion-like bodies on the surface B is 0.2-1000/100 μm.sup.2.

A fire stopper includes a fire extinguishing agent-containing layer and a resin substrate arranged in this order.

Described herein is a multilayer microporous film or membrane that may exhibit improved properties, including improved dielectric break down and strength, compared to prior monolayer or tri-layer microporous membranes of the same thickness. The preferred multilayer microporous membrane comprises microlayers and one or more lamination barriers. Also disclosed is a battery separator or battery comprising one or more of the multilayer microporous films or membranes. The inventive battery and battery separator is preferably safer and more robust than batteries and battery separators using prior monolayer and tri-layer microporous membranes. Also, described herein is a method for making the multilayer microporous separators, membranes or films described herein.

Disclosed are an outer case for a secondary battery, and a secondary battery including the same, the outer case comprising: a first polymer resin layer; a second polymer resin layer positioned on a first surface of the first polymer resin layer, and having a first adhesive layer interposed therebetween so as to be attached thereto; and an inner resin layer positioned on a second surface of the first polymer resin layer, and having a second adhesive layer interposed therebetween so as to be attached thereto, wherein the first polymer resin layer and the second polymer resin layer respectively comprise a fluorine-containing resin.

The breathable sheet of the present invention is comprised of a 4-methyl-1-pentene-based polymer or a resin composition containing the 4-methyl-1-pentene-based polymer as a main component. In addition, the breathable sheet of the present invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of a net, a mesh, a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, and a perforated sheet.

The present disclosure is directed to a new technique that can sufficiently suppress bonding defects by identifying application defect sites with a high accuracy when manufacturing a secondary battery laminate including battery members which are bonded together via an adhesive material. An inspection method of the present disclosure is an inspection method used upon forming a dry material on at least one bonding surface of an electrode and a separator, through the steps of applying a coating material on the bonding surface and forming the adhesive material by drying the coating material. In this inspection method, prior to the step of forming the adhesive material, the displacement of the bonding surface to which the coating material has been applied is measured by a laser displacement gauge to identify an application defect site.

A multi-layer protection element for thermal insulation of a battery, a battery with such a protection element and the use of the protection element to filter gases escaping in case of fire and to prevent the escape of flames and/or sparks are proposed. The highly gas-permeable protection element comprises a carrier layer of a fabric and a compressible fibre layer in the form of a sewn non-woven fabric. The protection element is arranged between at least one battery cell and a housing wall of the battery and covers an outlet of the housing wall on the inside. This enables good pressure compensation in the event of fire and/or a short circuit, wherein escaping gases are filtered in particular through the fibre layer and the escape of flames or sparks through the outlet is prevented.