This disclosure describes substrate(s) formed with a three-dimensional (3D) feature thereon, and method(s) of printing the same. One method includes identifying a plurality of locations on a substrate surface where the three-dimensional feature will be formed, determining a height value of the three-dimensional feature at each location, assigning a grayscale value to each location based on the height value, and applying ink to the substrate surface at each location according to the assigned grayscale value.

The present disclosure is drawn to leveling compositions, which can include from 80 wt % to 95 wt % water, from 0.5 wt % to 15 wt % organic solvent, and from 0.2 wt % to 6 wt % surfactant. The leveling compositions can further include from 1 wt % to 10 wt % cationic ionene polymer having a weight average molecular weight from 100 Mw to 8000 Mw, and from 1 wt % to 10 wt % polymeric binder.

A digital printing system includes a track and a plurality of print heads, wherein the system is configured to index a plurality of containers to or through a plurality of process locations. In embodiments, the track is configured to convey a plurality of containers to or through the plurality of process locations, and the plurality of print heads are configured for digital printing on the plurality of containers.

A method of printing a three-dimensional (3D) color object, layer-by-layer, comprises: obtaining a 3D CAD specification defining a 3D geometry and a surface color distribution for the color object to be printed, defining regions on a surface of the color object; defining colors for each region based on the CAD specification; determining, using the 3D geometry of the specification, conditions applying at respective regions that are liable to cause color variation, such that using the colors as defined at the respective regions may give rise to a coloration error; selecting color corrections defined for respective determined conditions; correcting the defined colors; and printing the 3D color object with the color corrections.

A printing method includes an analysis step, which analyses the shape of the three-dimensional surface and position of the printing part of the object to be printed with the three-dimensional surface and converts into two-dimensional data, a placement step, in which at least one part of the object is placed in the placement recess of jig with the three-dimensional surface facing upwards, a primer layer formation step, which forms a primer layer on the printing part based on the two-dimensional data, a white color coating step, which performs UV irradiation after coating white UV curable ink on the surface of the primer layer based on the two-dimensional data, and a color printing step, which performs UV irradiation by coating UV curable ink other than white color on the surface of the printing part on which the white UV curable ink has been coated based on the two-dimensional data.

A method for printing tracks on bodies by using inkjet printing provides printed images with a homogeneous appearance on the bodies, in particular when printing large single-color areas. The homogeneous appearance is obtained by reducing the intensity of the UV radiation from at least one inkjet print head when pinning in track connection regions.

A post printing treatment assembly includes a product support assembly and a post printing treatment device. The product support assembly includes a primary support assembly, a primary drive assembly, a number of secondary support assemblies, and a secondary drive assembly. The primary drive assembly is operatively coupled to the primary support assembly. The primary drive assembly imparts a generally constant motion to the primary support assembly. Each secondary support assembly is structured to support a number of work pieces. Each secondary support assembly is movably coupled to the primary support assembly. The secondary drive assembly is operatively coupled to each secondary support assembly. The secondary drive assembly selectively imparts a motion to each secondary support assembly. The post printing treatment device is disposed adjacent the product support assembly.

A robotic printing system for an exterior surface of an aircraft includes a robotic printer, the robotic printer having a body and a plurality of vacuum suction cups mounted to the body for attaching the robotic printer to the exterior surface of the aircraft, where the plurality of vacuum suction cups are configured to move the robotic printer along the exterior surface of the aircraft. The robotic printer also includes a printing head mounted to the body, where the printing head is positioned to apply a print medium to the exterior surface of the aircraft. The robotic printer also includes a laser-based positioning device mounted to the body for determining a position of the robotic printer on the exterior surface of the aircraft.

A printing method includes an analysis step, which analyses the shape of the three-dimensional surface and position of the printing part of the object to be printed with the three-dimensional surface and converts into two-dimensional data, a placement step, in which at least one part of the object is placed in the placement recess of jig with the three-dimensional surface facing upwards, a primer layer formation step, which forms a primer layer on the printing part based on the two-dimensional data, a white color coating step, which performs UV irradiation after coating white UV curable ink on the surface of the primer layer based on the two-dimensional data, and a color printing step, which performs UV irradiation by coating UV curable ink other than white color on the surface of the printing part on which the white UV curable ink has been coated based on the two-dimensional data.

A method for printing on at least partially transparent containers, wherein, in a first printing step, a first printing image is printed onto the container by the application of at least one printing ink, and wherein, in a second printing step, a second printing image is printed onto the container by the application of at least one printing ink, wherein the printing images are printed at least partially covering one another, and specifically in such a way that ink layers are applied in a temporal offset sequence onto the container, wherein a first ink layer is allocated to the first printing image and a second ink layer is allocated to the second printing image, and that between the first and second printing image a reflection layer is at least partially provided, by means of which the printing images are at least partially optically separated from one another.