Powdering on a front surface of a printed matter or the like is appropriately performed. A printing apparatus configured to perform printing on a medium includes: an ink ejection portion configured to eject an ink to the medium; and a powdering portion configured to perform powdering that applies powder to the medium. The powdering portion includes: a liquid applying device configured to apply, to the medium, a powder containing liquid that is a liquid including the powder and a solvent and an energy ray emitting portion configured to irradiate the powder containing liquid applied to the medium with energy rays. The powder containing liquid is a liquid that generates heat when irradiated with energy rays. The energy ray emitting portion irradiates the powder containing liquid applied to the medium with energy rays to evaporate the solvent of the powder containing liquid, so that the powder adheres to the medium.

The present invention is a method for measuring the varnish film thickness of a printed article by obtaining the film thickness of varnish on a sheet (1) on which a pattern is printed on a base thereof with ink and the pattern is coated with the varnish, wherein a metal foil (1c) having a smooth surface is attached to the base of the sheet (1), and the film thickness of the varnish coated directly over the metal foil (1c) is detected with a spectral interference-type film thickness meter (81) so as to determine whether the film thickness of the varnish is acceptable or not on the basis of the results detected by the spectral interference-type film thickness meter (81).

Method for providing a natural colour and optical depth to a dental object comprising the steps: providing a framework of the dental object, taking an object colour picture of an adjacent dental object or reference dental object, and uploading the object colour picture into a computing device, calibrating and adjusting the uploaded object colour picture into a target object colour picture in a computing device, (pre)determining the thickness profile of the enamel material to be applied on the framework, correcting in a computing device of the digital picture elements of the target object colour picture for the thickness profile of the enamel material to be applied on the position of the digital picture elements and providing a print colour picture of the corrected digital picture elements, printing the print colour picture as a print layer on the framework, applying the enamel material in the predetermined profile-thickness upon the print layer upon the framework.

According to an embodiment, a card issuing system which issues cards includes: a print image generation portion which generates print data to perform printing on the card; an overcoat image generation portion which generates overcoat data, which is data on an overcoat for the print data generated by the print image generation portion; and a printing portion which performs printing of the print data generated by the print image generation portion, and the overcoat data generated by the overcoat image generation portion on the card. The overcoat image generation portion generates the overcoat data with which an area where a design quality is required in the print data is subjected to overcoating based on pixels to be printed by the print data, and an area where durability is required in the print data is subjected to overcoating which covers the area.

A decorative paper layer may include a base paper layer with a core. A pattern may be formed by digitally applying inks to at least one surface of the base paper layer. The inks may penetrate from the surface into the core of the base paper layer over a depth that is less than 30% of a thickness of the base paper layer. Methods are also provided for manufacturing printable papers and decorative paper layers, as well as inks that may be used in such methods.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provides a housing assembly, a preparation method therefor and an electronic device. The housing assembly includes: a transparent substrate, including a decorative surface; wherein the decorative surface is arranged with a rough area; and a reflective layer, arranged on the decorative surface and at least partially covering the rough area.

A coating composition for application to a substrate utilizing a high transfer efficiency applicator. The coating composition includes a carrier, a binder, a corrosion inhibiting pigment. The coating composition has an Ohnesorge number (Oh) of from about 0.01 to about 12.6. The coating composition has a Reynolds number (Re) of from about 0.02 to about 6,200. The coating composition has a Deborah number (De) of from greater than 0 to about 1730.

The disclosure relates to methods of manufacturing surface materials for construction or manufacturing use and the surface materials produced by such methods. Substrate materials, such as synthetic or engineered stone or fiber-reinforced resinous panels, can be formed in conventional ways such as casting, molding, or pressing. Layers are printed onto substrate materials to form textures, which may include inks to selectively color the printed texture, thereby enabling a wide variety of high-resolution appearances. A clear, protective topcoat is then applied to the surface materials and cured to provide a finished material.

A system for applying a coating composition to a substrate utilizing a high transfer efficiency applicator is provided herein. The system includes a high transfer efficiency applicator defining a nozzle orifice. The coating composition comprises a carrier and a binder. The coating composition has a viscosity of from about 0.002 Pa*s to about 0.2 Pa*s, a density of from about 838 kg/m3 to about 1557 kg/m3, a surface tension of from about 0.015 N/m to about 0.05 N/m, and a relaxation time of from about 0.0005 s to about 0.02 s. The high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the coating composition through the nozzle orifice to the substrate to form a coating layer. At least 80% of the droplets of the coating composition expelled from the high transfer efficiency applicator contact the substrate.

The present invention provides ink and coating compositions for printing on non-woven substrates or fabrics. Advantageously, the compositions of the invention can be used either as one component (1K) or two component (2K) ink systems. The compositions of the invention exhibit improved properties, such as ink adhesion ratings, as shown by a rub test, compared to commercially available inks designed to be printed on non-woven substrates.