An axle assembly for frame rail vehicles is described herein. The axle assembly also includes a drive unit housing that includes an interior cavity enclosing first and second electric machines, a common gear reduction, a differential gear set, and a speed change mechanism with the first and second axle shafts partially disposed within the interior cavity and extending out of the drive unit housing. The drive unit housing includes a central cavity, a lower cavity, a first machine cavity, and a second machine cavity. The central cavity includes the common gear reduction and the axis of rotation of the first and second axle shafts. The lower cavity accumulates a volume of gearbox fluid with the speed change mechanism at least partially immersed in the lower cavity. The first machine cavity includes the first electric machine and the second machine cavity includes the second electric machine.

An axle assembly for frame rail vehicles is described herein. The axle assembly also includes a drive unit housing that includes an interior cavity enclosing first and second electric machines, a common gear reduction, a differential gear set, and a speed change mechanism with the first and second axle shafts partially disposed within the interior cavity and extending out of the drive unit housing. The drive unit housing includes a central cavity, a lower cavity, a first machine cavity, and a second machine cavity. The central cavity includes the common gear reduction and the axis of rotation of the first and second axle shafts. The lower cavity accumulates a volume of gearbox fluid with the speed change mechanism at least partially immersed in the lower cavity. The first machine cavity includes the first electric machine and the second machine cavity includes the second electric machine.

A combined wheel includes spokes, steel bushings, a rim, a metal frame, a brake disc and pins. In use, the steel bushings are installed in grooves of the spokes; the spokes are placed so that the clamping grooves are matched with the connecting blocks; the pins are installed into holes of the spokes and the connecting blocks; the metal frame is matched with the backs of the spokes; the screws I connect the metal frame, the connecting blocks and the spokes together and are matched with the steel bushings; and the brake disc is connected to the metal frame by screws II. In the combined wheel, the radial force and the axial force generated in the running process of the wheel can be counteracted on the spokes; and the brake disc brakes from the inside, thereby increasing the brake radius and reducing the clamping force required when braking.

A leading-edge steering system is provided for a front suspension of an off-road vehicle. The leading-edge steering system is comprised of a spindle assembly that supports a drive axle assembly to conduct torque from a transaxle to a front wheel. A first rod-end joint pivotally couples an upper suspension arm and the spindle assembly, and a second rod-end joint pivotally couples a lower suspension arm and the spindle assembly. A steering rod-end joint pivotally couples a first end of a steering rod with a leading-edge portion of the spindle assembly. A steering gear is coupled with a second end of the steering rod and configured to move the steering rod, such that the spindle assembly rotates with respect to the upper and lower suspension arms. The leading-edge portion is configured to exert primarily tensile forces on the steering rod during travel over rough terrain.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a driving device is a driving device for rotating an axle of a vehicle and includes: a motor having a rotor rotating about a motor axis extending in a horizontal direction orthogonal to a vertical direction; a reduction gear connected to the rotor; a differential gear connected to the motor via the reduction gear; and a housing configured to house the motor, the reduction gear and the differential gear therein. The housing has a protrusion that protrudes upward in the vertical direction, and at least one circumferential rib that extends in a circumferential direction. The protrusion has a female screw hole into which an eye bolt can be tightened. At least one of the circumferential ribs is connected to the protrusion.

A suspension is provided for coupling a front wheel with a chassis of an off-road vehicle. The suspension comprises upper and lower suspension arms that each includes two inboard mounting points to the chassis and one outboard rod-end joint to a spindle assembly coupled with the front wheel. A ball comprising each outboard rod-end joint is fastened by way a bolt between a pair of parallel prongs extending from the spindle assembly. The upper suspension arm is configured to facilitate coupling a strut between the lower suspension arm and the chassis. A steering rod is coupled with the spindle assembly by way of a steering rod-end joint that is disposed forward of a drive axle, thereby decreasing leverage of the front wheel on the steering rod and substantially eliminating bump steer that may occur due to rough terrain.

An axle assembly having an axle housing with a center portion defining a sump and one or more axle shaft housings extending from the center portion. Each of the axle shaft housings receives an axle half shaft. The axle housing includes a differential assembly having a ring gear; and a lubrication directing assembly disposed directly adjacent to the ring gear. The axle assembly also includes a pump mounted in one or more of the axle shaft housings and is drivingly coupled to a pump gear. The pump gear is drivingly coupled to the axle half shaft. The axle assembly also includes an axle housing cover surrounding the axle housing. A fluid storage tank is attached to the housing cover, wherein the fluid storage tank includes a fill channel directly attached to the housing cover.

An axle assembly having an axle housing with a center portion defining a sump and one or more axle shaft housings extending from the center portion. Each of the axle shaft housings receives an axle half shaft. The axle housing includes a differential assembly having a ring gear; and a lubrication directing assembly disposed directly adjacent to the ring gear. The axle assembly also includes a pump mounted in one or more of the axle shaft housings and is drivingly coupled to a pump gear. The pump gear is drivingly coupled to the axle half shaft. The axle assembly also includes an axle housing cover surrounding the axle housing. A fluid storage tank is attached to the housing cover, wherein the fluid storage tank includes a fill channel directly attached to the housing cover.

A modular axle and motive wheel system comprises: a pair of opposed axle ends and attached axle hubs; a pair of inner motive wheels each comprising an outer surface and configured for radially extending rotatable disposition on the hubs; and a pair of inner electric hub motors each comprising an inner stator and an inner rotor, the inner stators configured for attachment to the axle hubs, the inner rotors configured for attachment to the outer surface of the inner motive wheels, the inner rotors configured for rotation of the inner motive wheels by and about the inner stators; the inner motive wheels configured for attachment of a pair of outer motive wheels each comprising an outer electric hub motor comprising an outer stator configured for selective attachment to the inner stator and an outer rotor configured for attachment to the outer motive wheel and rotation of the outer motive wheels.

A transaxle includes a planetary gear reducer and a differential device. The planetary gear reducer includes a stepped pinion, a first needle bearing, a second needle bearing, and a carrier. The stepped pinion includes a pinion shaft with which a large diameter pinion and a small diameter pinion are integrated. The first needle bearing is fitted to a part of the pinion shaft outside the large diameter pinion. The second needle bearing is fitted to a part of the pinion shaft outside the small diameter pinion. The carrier is configured to support the stepped pinion via the first needle bearing and the second needle bearing such that the stepped pinion is rotatable with respect to the carrier, and to couple the stepped pinion and the differential device.