An electromagnetic wave utilizing system includes an electromagnetic wave apparatus configured to perform transmitting and/or receiving of an electromagnetic wave, and a heater that heats a passage member. The heater includes a heating element and a holder. The heating element and the holder are transparent to allow the electromagnetic wave to transmit therethrough. The electromagnetic wave apparatus transmits and/or receives the electromagnetic wave while rotating on a horizontal plane. The heater is configured to rotate together with the electromagnetic wave apparatus or to surround the electromagnetic wave apparatus 360 degrees in a horizontal direction.

A plate for an electro-thermal window includes a heatable transparent conductive film, and bus bars that feed power to the transparent conductive film. The bus bars include a left bus bar connected to a left side edge and a right bus bar connected to a right side edge of the transparent conductive film. The transparent conductive film is divided into regions by a slit continuously or discontinuously formed from the left bus bar to the right bus bar. The regions include first and second regions. A distance between the left bus bar and the right bus bar of the first region is shorter than a distance between the left bus bar and the right bus bar of the second region. A width of the first region in a direction orthogonal to the slit is shorter than a width of the second region in the direction.

A plate for an electro-thermal window includes a heatable transparent conductive film, and bus bars that feed power to the transparent conductive film. The bus bars include a left bus bar connected to a left side edge and a right bus bar connected to a right side edge of the transparent conductive film. The transparent conductive film is divided into regions by a slit continuously or discontinuously formed from the left bus bar to the right bus bar. The regions include first and second regions. A distance between the left bus bar and the right bus bar of the first region is shorter than a distance between the left bus bar and the right bus bar of the second region. A width of the first region in a direction orthogonal to the slit is shorter than a width of the second region in the direction.

Methods and apparatus for using two stage ultrasonic lens cleaning for water removal are disclosed. An apparatus can expel fluid from a droplet on an optical surface using an ultrasonic transducer mechanically coupled to the optical surface and having first and second resonant frequency bands. A signal generator can generate a first signal including a first frequency to be coupled with the ultrasonic transducer mechanically coupled to the surface, and can generate a second signal including a second frequency to be coupled with the ultrasonic transducer mechanically coupled to the surface. Switching circuitry can activate the ultrasonic transducer at the first frequency to reduce the droplet from a first size to a second size, and to activate the ultrasonic transducer at the second frequency to reduce the droplet from the second size to a third size.

Methods and apparatus for using two stage ultrasonic lens cleaning for water removal are disclosed. An apparatus can expel fluid from a droplet on an optical surface using an ultrasonic transducer mechanically coupled to the optical surface and having first and second resonant frequency bands. A signal generator can generate a first signal including a first frequency to be coupled with the ultrasonic transducer mechanically coupled to the surface, and can generate a second signal including a second frequency to be coupled with the ultrasonic transducer mechanically coupled to the surface. Switching circuitry can activate the ultrasonic transducer at the first frequency to reduce the droplet from a first size to a second size, and to activate the ultrasonic transducer at the second frequency to reduce the droplet from the second size to a third size.

An active self-cleaning device for transparent substrates includes a transparent substrate, a piezoelectric transducer array formed on essentially entire transparent substrate surface, including a central area of the transparent device, and an electronic system configured to actuate the piezoelectric transducer array to clean a surface of the substrate. Such a device may be used for applications such as LIDAR, radar and camera enclosures, solar cell panel cover glasses, vehicle windshields, windows, sunroofs and headlamps, street lighting and information displays.

An active self-cleaning device for transparent substrates includes a transparent substrate, a piezoelectric transducer array formed on essentially entire transparent substrate surface, including a central area of the transparent device, and an electronic system configured to actuate the piezoelectric transducer array to clean a surface of the substrate. Such a device may be used for applications such as LIDAR, radar and camera enclosures, solar cell panel cover glasses, vehicle windshields, windows, sunroofs and headlamps, street lighting and information displays.

A vehicle, window of the vehicle and a heating system for a window. The window includes a first pane and a second pane. A conductive coating is disposed between the first pane and the second pane, the conductive coating extending through a primary vision zone of the window from a secondary bottom vision zone of the window to a secondary top vision zone of the window. A first electrical wire is connected to the conductive coating within the secondary bottom vision zone for flowing a current into the conductive coating to generate heat within the primary vision zone.

A side defroster device includes a front pillar that rises from a laterally outer end part of an instrument panel, and a defroster blower outlet that is provided in the front pillar and blows out air toward a side window screen. A display device that displays an image of a vehicle exterior is provided on the instrument panel to a rear of the front pillar. The defroster blower outlet is positioned so as to overlap, in a vehicle width direction, an upper wall of a housing when viewed in a fore-and-aft direction. Accordingly, air blown out from the defroster blower outlet diffuses on the upper wall of the housing, and part thereof flows toward the side window screen, thus enabling the side window screen to be demisted effectively.

Motor vehicle comprising headlights and an air conditioning system fluidically connected to the headlights for supplying an air flow thereto, and comprising an electric fan to generate the air flow, an electric heater to heat the air flow generated by the electric fan, a sensory system to measure air temperature and moisture inside the headlights, an electric heater and an electric fan arranged inside each headlight, and an electronic control unit connected to the sensory system to receive the measured quantities, to the electric fan and the electric heater of the air conditioning system, and the electric heaters and the electric fans in the headlights to control operation thereof. The electronic control unit is further designed to carry out one or more of the following headlight defogging/defrosting operations based on air temperature and moisture inside the headlights: a) operating in a timed manner, with internal combustion engine off, the electric fans in the headlights; b) operating in a timed manner, with internal combustion engine off, the electric heater of the air conditioning system and, simultaneously, the electric fan of the air conditioning system or of the electric fans in the headlights; and c) operating in a timed manner the electric heaters in the headlights.