A vehicle rack system includes elongate structural members coupled together to form a rack for use on or within a vehicle's cargo area. At least one of the elongate structural members has an elongate pressure tight lumen for holding a fluid therein, and a nozzle allows the fluid to enter and exit the lumen. A vehicle having a rack system includes a vehicle and a plurality of elongate structural members removably coupled together to form a rack removably coupled to the vehicle. A first of the members has a longitudinal slot between and behind a pair of flanges. An anchor is positioned in the slot, and the anchor is irremovable from the slot while the system is at an assembled configuration. The anchor is removable from the slot while the system is at unassembled configuration. The anchor is used to secure the first member to a second of the members.

A vehicle rack system includes elongate structural members coupled together to form a rack for use on or within a vehicle's cargo area. At least one of the elongate structural members has an elongate pressure tight lumen for holding a fluid therein, and a nozzle allows the fluid to enter and exit the lumen. A vehicle having a rack system includes a vehicle and a plurality of elongate structural members removably coupled together to form a rack removably coupled to the vehicle. A first of the members has a longitudinal slot between and behind a pair of flanges. An anchor is positioned in the slot, and the anchor is irremovable from the slot while the system is at an assembled configuration. The anchor is removable from the slot while the system is at unassembled configuration. The anchor is used to secure the first member to a second of the members.

An autonomous vehicle (AV) implements a health protocol that may reduce pathogen transmission between users of the AV. The AV is equipped with a thermal sensor that captures a body temperature of a user. The AV compares the user's temperature to a threshold temperature, and if the user's temperature exceeds the threshold temperature, the AV performs checks to ensure that the user's planned trip follows current regulations or recommendations. For example, the AV confirms that the user is traveling between the user's home and a healthcare facility. If the trip is permitted, the AV enables the user to enter the AV. The AV may include a disinfectant system for disinfecting the passenger compartment or surfaces after the user exits the AV.

An apparatus and a method for cleaning glass used in cars or cameras are disclosed. Said cleaning apparatus comprises glass, multiple electrodes placed in series on top of said glass, a dielectric layer stacked on top of said electrodes, and a hydrophobic layer stacked on top of said dielectric layer and on whose surface a droplet forms. Here, said droplet moves towards the outer edge of said glass by application of differing direct current voltages to several of said electrodes.

An apparatus and a method for cleaning glass used in cars or cameras are disclosed. Said cleaning apparatus comprises glass, multiple electrodes placed in series on top of said glass, a dielectric layer stacked on top of said electrodes, and a hydrophobic layer stacked on top of said dielectric layer and on whose surface a droplet forms. Here, said droplet moves towards the outer edge of said glass by application of differing direct current voltages to several of said electrodes.

A foreign matter removal device (1) is configured to remove foreign matters on a lens (101) of an in-vehicle camera (100) attached to a vehicle so that the lens (101) of the in-vehicle camera (100) is exposed toward an outside of a body panel of the vehicle. The foreign matter removal device includes a single-cylinder type reciprocating pump (5) configured to generate high-pressure air and a nozzle (22) configured to inject the high-pressure air toward the lens (101). A volume of an internal space of the pump is 10 cm.sup.3 or less. Exhaust time (t1) per cycle required for exhausting the air in the internal space is 0.03 seconds or less.

A foreign matter removal device (1) is configured to remove foreign matters on a lens (101) of an in-vehicle camera (100) attached to a vehicle so that the lens (101) of the in-vehicle camera (100) is exposed toward an outside of a body panel of the vehicle. The foreign matter removal device includes a single-cylinder type reciprocating pump (5) configured to generate high-pressure air and a nozzle (22) configured to inject the high-pressure air toward the lens (101). A volume of an internal space of the pump is 10 cm.sup.3 or less. Exhaust time (t1) per cycle required for exhausting the air in the internal space is 0.03 seconds or less.

Implementations of a solar panel cleaning system may include an extrusion frame; a driver end coupled to a first side of the extrusion frame; a battery end coupled to a second side of the extrusion frame; a solar panel coupled to a largest planar surface formed by the extrusion frame, the solar panel electrically coupled with a battery included in the battery end, the battery electrically coupled with one or more motors and with a controller included in the driver end; and one or more brushes coupled between the driver end and the battery end, an end of the one or more brushes coupled with the one or more motors. The driver end and the battery end may be configured to couple with one of a track that extends on either side of one or more solar panels or with edges of the one or more solar panels.

A vibration device includes a light transmissive body, a first cylindrical body, a plate-shaped spring portion, a second cylindrical body, and a vibrating body. The light transmissive body includes a main body portion on an inner side of a portion supported by the first cylindrical body, and a protruding portion extending from the main body portion toward an outer circumference of the light transmissive body and protruding outward more than a portion supported by the first cylindrical body. A ratio between an equivalent mass calculated from a moment of inertia of the protruding portion and a weight of the main body portion is about 0.8 to about 1.2, and a resonant frequency of the light transmissive body is larger than a resonant frequency of the spring portion.

Embodiments herein can determine an optimal route for an autonomous electric vehicle. The system may score viable routes between the start and end locations of a trip using a numeric or other scale that denotes how viable the route is for autonomy. The score is adjusted using a variety of factors where a learning process leverages both offline and online data. The scored routes are not based simply on the shortest distance between the start and end points but determine the best route based on the driving context for the vehicle and the user.