A system includes a traction battery and a controller. The traction battery includes first and second arrays of battery cells. The controller is programmed to implement first and second filters, such as first and second bar-delta filters, configured to respectively generate output indicative of a state-of-charge (SOC) of the first and second arrays from models of the first and second arrays. The controller is further programmed to charge and/or discharge the traction battery according to power limits defined by the SOC of the first and second arrays.

Systems and methods are described for electrical power control of a hybrid vehicle. A change in an electrical load of an ancillary component of the vehicle is determined. In response to determining the change in the electrical load of the ancillary component, an electrical load of an electrically heated catalyst of the vehicle is adjusted.

A control apparatus includes a switching unit configured to switch a state of a first and a second on-vehicle power supply to a power or a non-power supplying state, an acquisition unit configured to acquire operation information indicating whether the control device is in an operating or non-operating state, and a control unit configured to execute, in a case where a combination of the first and the second power supply is changed from a first to a second pattern, start-up control to determine a state in the second pattern, of an on-vehicle control device suppliable with power from the first power supply, based on the operation information in the first pattern. The first pattern is the first power supply in the power supplying state and the second power supply in the non-power supplying state. The second pattern in the first and second power supplies are in the power supplying state.

A control apparatus includes a switching unit configured to switch a state of a first and a second on-vehicle power supply to a power or a non-power supplying state, an acquisition unit configured to acquire operation information indicating whether the control device is in an operating or non-operating state, and a control unit configured to execute, in a case where a combination of the first and the second power supply is changed from a first to a second pattern, start-up control to determine a state in the second pattern, of an on-vehicle control device suppliable with power from the first power supply, based on the operation information in the first pattern. The first pattern is the first power supply in the power supplying state and the second power supply in the non-power supplying state. The second pattern in the first and second power supplies are in the power supplying state.

A diagnostic system for a hybrid electric vehicle is provided. The system includes a vehicle controller, a battery management controller, a monitoring circuit, a transistor, a voltage sensor, and an analog-to-digital converter. The vehicle controller sends a first message to the battery management controller indicating an engine crank occurred. The battery management controller sends a second message to the monitoring circuit, and the monitoring circuit induces a transistor to de-energize an electrical relay. The voltage sensor outputs a voltage signal indicative of a voltage being output by the transistor. The analog-to-digital converter outputs a voltage value indicative of the voltage. The battery management controller sets a diagnostic flag to a first non-fault value if the voltage value is less than a threshold voltage value.

A diagnostic system for a hybrid electric vehicle is provided. The system includes a vehicle controller, a battery management controller, a monitoring circuit, a transistor, a voltage sensor, and an analog-to-digital converter. The vehicle controller sends a first message to the battery management controller indicating an engine crank occurred. The battery management controller sends a second message to the monitoring circuit, and the monitoring circuit induces a transistor to de-energize an electrical relay. The voltage sensor outputs a voltage signal indicative of a voltage being output by the transistor. The analog-to-digital converter outputs a voltage value indicative of the voltage. The battery management controller sets a diagnostic flag to a first non-fault value if the voltage value is less than a threshold voltage value.

A diagnostic system for a hybrid electric vehicle is provided. The system includes a vehicle controller, a battery management controller, a monitoring circuit, a transistor, a voltage sensor, and an analog-to-digital converter. The vehicle controller sends a first message to the battery management controller indicating an engine crank occurred. The battery management controller sends a second message to the monitoring circuit, and the monitoring circuit induces a transistor to de-energize an electrical relay. The voltage sensor outputs a voltage signal indicative of a voltage being output by the transistor. The analog-to-digital converter outputs a voltage value indicative of the voltage. The battery management controller sets a diagnostic flag to a first non-fault value if the voltage value is less than a threshold voltage value.

A diagnostic system for a hybrid electric vehicle is provided. The system includes a vehicle controller, a battery management controller, a monitoring circuit, a transistor, a voltage sensor, and an analog-to-digital converter. The vehicle controller sends a first message to the battery management controller indicating an engine crank occurred. The battery management controller sends a second message to the monitoring circuit, and the monitoring circuit induces a transistor to de-energize an electrical relay. The voltage sensor outputs a voltage signal indicative of a voltage being output by the transistor. The analog-to-digital converter outputs a voltage value indicative of the voltage. The battery management controller sets a diagnostic flag to a first non-fault value if the voltage value is less than a threshold voltage value.

A vehicle includes a drive system electrical system configured to supply power to a driver system, a non-drive system electrical system configured to supply power to a non-drive system, a first magnetic contactor that is electrically connected between the drive system electrical system and the non-drive system electrical system, a second magnetic contactor that is electrically connected between a power supply system configured to supply power to the non-drive system electrical system and the non-drive system electrical system, and a magnetic contactor control unit configured to execute at least one of first control processing of setting the first magnetic contactor to a non-conduction state when the non-drive system electrical system does not operate by using a DC power supply included in the drive system electrical system and second control processing of setting the second magnetic contactor to a non-conduction state when the non-drive system electrical system does not operate by using the power supply system.

A vehicle includes a drive system electrical system configured to supply power to a driver system, a non-drive system electrical system configured to supply power to a non-drive system, a first magnetic contactor that is electrically connected between the drive system electrical system and the non-drive system electrical system, a second magnetic contactor that is electrically connected between a power supply system configured to supply power to the non-drive system electrical system and the non-drive system electrical system, and a magnetic contactor control unit configured to execute at least one of first control processing of setting the first magnetic contactor to a non-conduction state when the non-drive system electrical system does not operate by using a DC power supply included in the drive system electrical system and second control processing of setting the second magnetic contactor to a non-conduction state when the non-drive system electrical system does not operate by using the power supply system.