An energy storage and transmission system (ESRS) (69) comprises a transmission (9, 11) and an energy storage device such as a flywheel (1). While energy is being transferred between the energy storage device (1) and an energy source/sink (7), the transmission ratio of the transmission (9, 11) will usually be changing constantly. In order to manage the torque applied by the energy transfer device (1) or the power transferred, a controller (100) responds to discrepancy between the torque or power supplied and the torque or power demanded.

An active vibration reduction control apparatus of a hybrid vehicle includes: a vibration extraction device configured to extract a first vibration signal from a motor connected to a drive shaft of the hybrid vehicle; a torque generator configured to generate a first torque for vibration reduction based on the first vibration signal; and a controller configured to apply the first torque to the motor.

A hybrid electric vehicle which may effectively determine a point in time of shift pattern change and a method of controlling a shift pattern therefor are disclosed. The method includes determining whether or not a request for shift pattern change is received, determining HEV mode related conditions, in response to a determination that the request for shift pattern change is received, and changing a shift pattern according to the request for shift pattern change, in response to a determination that the HEV mode related conditions are satisfied.

An apparatus for controlling a towing mode of an electric vehicle is provided. The apparatus includes a first sensor that measures a speed of the electric vehicle and a second sensor that measures a gradient of a road on which the electric vehicle is driven. A controller detects a reference output of the electric vehicle based on the speed and the gradient of the road and detects a towing weight of the electric vehicle based on an excess rate of a current output with respect to the reference output. The towing mode of the electric vehicle is then executed based on the detected towing weight.

Vehicles may be composed of a relatively few number of modules that are assembled together during a final assembly process. An example vehicle may include a body module, a first drive module coupled to a first end of the body module, and a second drive module coupled to a second end of the body module. One or both of the drive modules may include a pair of wheels, a battery, an electric drive motor, and/or a heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. One or both of the drive modules may also include a crash structure to absorb impacts. If a component of a drive module fails or is damaged, the drive module can be quickly and easily replaced with a new drive module, minimizing vehicle down time.

Systems of an electrical vehicle and the operations thereof are provided.

A method of selecting an economy operating mode of a work machine includes detecting a current throttle position of a throttle control and a current track speed with a speed sensor, and determining a current drivetrain load of the machine as a function of motor torque, a drivetrain ratio, a drivetrain mechanical efficiency, a final drive windage factor, and a rolling radius. The method includes decreasing the current throttle command if a ratio of the current drivetrain load to an available drivetrain load is less than a load threshold. A transmission ratio of the transmission is increased by the controller to an increased transmission ratio if the ratio of the current drivetrain load to the available drivetrain load is less than the load threshold.

Vehicles may be composed of a relatively few number of modules that are assembled together during a final assembly process. An example vehicle may include a body module, a first drive module coupled to a first end of the body module, and a second drive module coupled to a second end of the body module. One or both of the drive modules may include a pair of wheels, a battery, an electric drive motor, and/or a heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. One or both of the drive modules may also include a crash structure to absorb impacts. If a component of a drive module fails or is damaged, the drive module can be quickly and easily replaced with a new drive module, minimizing vehicle down time.

A controller for a vehicle includes: a control target value deriving unit configured to derive a control target value of an electric motor for travel which is mounted in a vehicle; a reference value deriving unit configured to derive a reference value serving as a reference for providing information to an occupant based on the control target value derived by the control target value deriving unit; a theoretical value deriving unit configured to derive a theoretical value related to an output of the electric motor; a selection unit configured to compare the reference value derived by the reference value deriving unit and the theoretical value derived by the theoretical value deriving unit with each other and to select the value having the smaller absolute value; and a control unit configured to control an information providing device based on the value selected by the selection unit.

Techniques involve controlling battery access on a utility vehicle. Such techniques involve monitoring status of input signals from a group comprising: a lithium battery system, a keyed switch, and a charging receptacle, comparing the status of the input signals to timeout settings stored in memory of the motion control system, initiating a timer based on comparison of the input signals to the timeout settings, and disconnecting at least one direct current (DC) path between a lithium battery interface and a power distribution interface of the utility vehicle in response to expiration of the timer. Such techniques further involve, after disconnecting, reconnecting the at least one DC current path between the lithium battery interface and the power distribution interface in response to a change in status of at least one of the input signals. Such techniques may be performed by a motion control system of the utility vehicle.