A light shading module is integrated with a vehicle window and is configured to be in different states that involve different values of Visible Light Transmittance (VLT) of the vehicle window. A camera fixed to the vehicle takes video of the outside environment. A computer generates a video see-through (VST) of the outside environment, which is presented to the vehicle's occupant on an augmented reality device (ARD). In order to improve the image quality, the ARD operates according to different modes involving varying intensities, depending on the VLT of the window.

A rear cross member for a vehicle includes: an upper plate including an upper body, and upper side parts that are formed to extend from opposite ends of the upper body; a lower plate including a lower body that is coupled with the upper body, and lower side parts that are formed to extend from opposite ends of the lower body and are coupled with the upper side parts; and a front panel connected to the upper and lower plates.

A rear cross member for a vehicle includes: an upper plate including an upper body, and upper side parts that are formed to extend from opposite ends of the upper body; a lower plate including a lower body that is coupled with the upper body, and lower side parts that are formed to extend from opposite ends of the lower body and are coupled with the upper side parts; and a front panel connected to the upper and lower plates.

A vehicle body front structure includes: a front subframe; left and right suspension lower arms swingably supported by the front subframe; and a steering gearbox supported by the front subframe. The front subframe includes left and right longitudinal members extending in a fore-and-aft direction, a cross member extending laterally and joined to the longitudinal members, and front and rear lower arm supports provided on each longitudinal member to be spaced from each other in the fore-and-aft direction and swingably supporting the corresponding lower arm. The steering gearbox includes a laterally extending rack shaft and a pair of joints provided at either end of the rack shaft and joined to ends of respective tie rods. The longitudinal members extend obliquely to approach each other toward rear, and the rear lower arm supports are positioned more laterally inward than the respective joints when the rack shaft is in a neutral position.

A vehicle body front structure includes: a front subframe; left and right suspension lower arms swingably supported by the front subframe; and a steering gearbox supported by the front subframe. The front subframe includes left and right longitudinal members extending in a fore-and-aft direction, a cross member extending laterally and joined to the longitudinal members, and front and rear lower arm supports provided on each longitudinal member to be spaced from each other in the fore-and-aft direction and swingably supporting the corresponding lower arm. The steering gearbox includes a laterally extending rack shaft and a pair of joints provided at either end of the rack shaft and joined to ends of respective tie rods. The longitudinal members extend obliquely to approach each other toward rear, and the rear lower arm supports are positioned more laterally inward than the respective joints when the rack shaft is in a neutral position.

A vehicle body front structure includes: a front subframe; left and right suspension lower arms swingably supported by the front subframe; and a steering gearbox supported by the front subframe. The front subframe includes left and right longitudinal members extending in a fore-and-aft direction, a cross member extending laterally and joined to the longitudinal members, and a front lower arm support and a rear lower arm support provided on each longitudinal member to be spaced from each other in the fore-and-aft direction and swingably supporting the corresponding lower arm. The steering gearbox includes a laterally extending rack shaft and a pair of joints provided at either end of the rack shaft and joined to ends of respective tie rods. The longitudinal members extend obliquely so as to approach each other toward rear, and each front lower arm support is positioned more rearward than the steering gearbox.

A vehicle body front structure includes: a front subframe; left and right suspension lower arms swingably supported by the front subframe; and a steering gearbox supported by the front subframe. The front subframe includes left and right longitudinal members extending in a fore-and-aft direction, a cross member extending laterally and joined to the longitudinal members, and a front lower arm support and a rear lower arm support provided on each longitudinal member to be spaced from each other in the fore-and-aft direction and swingably supporting the corresponding lower arm. The steering gearbox includes a laterally extending rack shaft and a pair of joints provided at either end of the rack shaft and joined to ends of respective tie rods. The longitudinal members extend obliquely so as to approach each other toward rear, and each front lower arm support is positioned more rearward than the steering gearbox.

In a vehicle frame structure, upper ends of a front frame and a rear frame, which connect a lower frame and an upper frame vertically, are connected to each other above the upper frame, and a front portion frame assembly is connected to a main frame assembly via the lower frame and the upper ends of the front and rear frames. A bumper includes a front-rear frame portion extending forward from the front frame, and an inclined frame portion arranged between an intermediate portion of the front frame and an end portion of the front-rear frame portion. The bumper includes a sub-bumper, the sub-bumper including a front sub-frame extending upward from a front end of the bumper, and a front-rear sub-frame connected between an end portion of the front sub-frame and an intermediate portion of the front frame above the upper frame.

In a vehicle frame structure, upper ends of a front frame and a rear frame, which connect a lower frame and an upper frame vertically, are connected to each other above the upper frame, and a front portion frame assembly is connected to a main frame assembly via the lower frame and the upper ends of the front and rear frames. A bumper includes a front-rear frame portion extending forward from the front frame, and an inclined frame portion arranged between an intermediate portion of the front frame and an end portion of the front-rear frame portion. The bumper includes a sub-bumper, the sub-bumper including a front sub-frame extending upward from a front end of the bumper, and a front-rear sub-frame connected between an end portion of the front sub-frame and an intermediate portion of the front frame above the upper frame.

A push arm is coupled to a vehicle frame proximate an intersection of a first side member and a first cross-member. A rear surface of the push arm is located adjacent to a front suspension structure with a gap defined therebetween. The push arm extends forward and laterally outward such that a front surface of the push arm is located outboard of and spaced apart from a front end of the first side member. An energy absorbing structure is positioned within the gap and is attached to the rear surface of the push arm and is spaced apart from the front suspension structure in a non-impacted state. The energy absorbing structure is configured such that in response to an off-center impact event, impact force to the energy absorbing structure pushes the energy absorbing structure into contact with the front suspension structure.